ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2023
Association of Anemia with Cognitive Function and Dementia Among Older Adults: The Role of Inflammation.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- A combined neuronal extracellular vesicle-haematology panel for clinical stratification of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Dynamic patterns of anemia and cognitive function: a longitudinal cohort study based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- New Vistas for Withania somnifera in Signal Transduction of Inflammation and Aging.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Review
- Association of the HALP score with baseline and incident physical-cognitive comorbidity and mortality: evidence from the WCHAT and UK Biobank cohorts.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Anemia, iron deficiency, and blood biomarkers for Alzheimer disease: clinical interpretation and dementia risk stratification.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Risk of Anemia in People With Multiple Sclerosis (MS): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Anemia · 2026Review
- Estimation of New Regulators of Iron Metabolism in Short-Term Follow-Up After Bariatric Surgery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Bidirectional relationship between anemia and cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a longitudinal study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clinical implication of anemia in older patients with dementia with lewy bodies.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio: a new insight into cognitive protection for obese individuals.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Association Between Cognitive Function and Emotion, Sleep, Frailty, and Nutrition in Hospitalized Patients.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Association of anemia with postoperative cognitive decline and increased inflammatory markers in elderly gastrointestinal cancer patients.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Sociodemographic and health predictors of adherence to self-administered computerized cognitive assessment.Digital healthArticle
- A review of studies on vascular dementia and iron metabolism.Science progressReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe association of anemia with cognitive function and dementia remains unclear.
objectiveWe aimed to investigate the association of anemia with cognitive function and dementia risk and to explore the role of inflammation in these associations.
methodsWithin the UK Biobank, 207,203 dementia-free participants aged 60+ were followed for up to 16 years. Hemoglobin (HGB) and C-creative protein (CRP) were measured from blood samples taken at baseline. Anemia was defined as HGB <13 g/dL for males and <12 g/dL for females. Inflammation was categorized as low or high according to the median CRP level (1.50 mg/L). A subset of 18,211 participants underwent cognitive assessments (including global and domain-specific cognitive). Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects model, Cox regression, and Laplace regression.
resultsAnemia was associated with faster declines in global cognition (β= -0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.14, -0.01) and processing speed (β= -0.10, 95% CI: -0.19, -0.01). During the follow-up of 9.76 years (interquartile range 7.55 to 11.39), 6,272 developed dementia. The hazard ratio of dementia was 1.57 (95% CI: 1.38, 1.78) for people with anemia, and anemia accelerated dementia onset by 1.53 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.97) years. The risk of dementia tended to be higher in people with both anemia and high CRP (1.89, 95% CI: 1.60, 2.22). There was a statistically significant interaction between anemia and CRP on dementia risk (p-interaction = 0.032).
conclusionsAnemia is associated with cognitive decline (specifically for processing speed) and increased risk of dementia, especially in people with high inflammation.
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