SynthesisSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2023
Anatomical variations of peroneus tertius and its clinical implications: case report with systematic literature review.
Synthesis in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Navicular and fifth metatarsal base stress fractures: An illustrated anatomical review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Review
- A rare unilateral variation of extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius muscles.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- A unique bilateral anatomical variation of the extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius muscles.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- Adult Tillaux-Chaput tubercle fracture of the ankle with rupture of the peroneus tertius muscle: a case report.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
purposePeroneus tertius (PT) or Fibularis tertius, a muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg is very distinctive to the Homo sapiens. This is because of the evolutionary acquisition of bipedal gait along with the eversion of the foot, which are unique to humans. It is considered as the fifth tendon of the extensor digitorum longus. Variations in the attachments of PT can cause stress fractures like the Jones fracture. PT has been extensively used in tendoplasty, tendon transfer and resection of the foot. The study aims to transpose the knowledge in variations of the morphology of PT from bench to bedside.
methodsRoutine dissection of a 64-year-old male cadaver revealed bilateral variations in the insertion of PT. This was documented photographically. The findings prompted a systematic literature review on the morphological variations of PT. An exhaustive search was undertaken through PubMed and Google Scholar databases to identify the published literature related to variations in the morphology of PT. Related anatomical studies of the variations in peroneus tertius were identified and a review of the literature was performed.
resultsVariations in the insertion of PT were observed bilaterally in the cadaver dissected by us. Statistical analysis revealed the absence of PT in 7.03% of lower limbs. 10% of studies showed accessory and duplicated PT each. Out of 20 articles reviewed, 51 lower limbs showed variation in origin, 230 lower limbs showed variations in insertion and 161 lower limbs showed other variations.
conclusionPT muscle flap and tendon grafts are used in correcting the laxity of the ankle joint and foot drop. Absence of PT plays a crucial role in altering the mechanics of stress fractures of the 5th metatarsal. Thus, knowledge of the morphology of PT is crucial for plastic surgeons and orthopedic surgeons.
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