ArticleCortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior2023
The timing of confidence computations in human prefrontal cortex.
Article in Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stimulus reliability but not boundary distance manipulations violate the folded-X pattern of confidence.Cognition · 2026Article
- Confidence in naturalistic decision making.Neuroscience of consciousness · 2026Article
- Response Time as a Proxy for Decision Confidence: Insights From Type-2 ROC Analysis.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2026Article
- Neural basis of concurrent deliberation toward a choice and confidence judgment.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Switching the motor response weakens confidence serial dependence.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2025Article
- No Central Executive? Decision Formation Through Multi-Area Population Dynamics.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Microstructural organization of superior longitudinal fasciculus and cingulum bundle support metacognition driven cognitive offloading.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Computational and Neuronal Basis of Visual Confidence.Annual review of vision science · 2025Review
- Brain stimulation over dorsomedial prefrontal cortex causally affects metacognitive bias but not mentalising.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Neural basis of concurrent deliberation toward a choice and confidence judgment.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Automatic multisensory integration follows subjective confidence rather than objective performance.Communications psychology · 2025Article
- No gender difference in confidence or metacognitive ability in perceptual decision-making.iScience · 2024Article
- Flexible Relations Between Confidence and Confidence RTs in Post-Decisional Models of Confidence: A Reply to Chen and Rahnev.Journal of vision · 2024Article
- Human-like dissociations between confidence and accuracy in convolutional neural networks.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Neural correlates of retrospective memory confidence during face-name associative learning.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- Human-like dissociations between confidence and accuracy in convolutional neural networks.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Knowing when confidence computations take place is critical for building a mechanistic understanding of the neural and computational bases of metacognition. Yet, even though a substantial amount of research has focused on revealing the neural correlates and computations underlying human confidence judgments, very little is known about the timing of confidence computations. To understand when confidence is computed, we delivered single pulses of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) at different times after stimulus presentation while subjects judged the orientation of a briefly presented visual stimulus and provided a confidence rating. TMS was delivered to either the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in the experimental group or to vertex in the control group. We found that TMS to right DLPFC, but not to vertex, led to increased confidence in the absence of changes to accuracy or metacognitive efficiency. Critically, equivalent levels of confidence increase occurred for TMS delivered between 200 and 500 msec after stimulus presentation. These results suggest that confidence computations occur during a broad window that begins before the perceptual decision has been fully made and thus provide important constraints for theories of confidence generation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.