Observational studyJournal of anesthesia2024
Continuous cardiac output estimation using a new modified Fick method during off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a retrospective observational study.
Observational study in Journal of anesthesia, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Near-infrared spectroscopy for estimating mixed venous oxygen saturation and cardiac output during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a prospective observational study.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- Near-infrared spectroscopy for estimating mixed venous oxygen saturation and cardiac output during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a prospective observational study.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- Preoperative and intraoperative oxygen consumption in patients undergoing lung resection surgery: a retrospective study using cardiopulmonary exercise test and intraoperative data.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
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Abstract
purposeSeveral technical aspects of the Fick method limit its use intraoperatively. A data-driven modification of the Fick method may enable its use in intraoperative settings.
methodsThis two-center retrospective observational study included 57 (28 and 29 in each center) patients who underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery. Intraoperative recordings of physiological data were obtained and divided into training and test datasets. The Fick equation was used to calculate cardiac output (CO-Fick) using ventilator-determined variables, intraoperative hemoglobin level, and SvO
resultsIncreased deviation between CO-Fick and CCO was observed when oxygen extraction was low. The root mean square error of CO-Fick was decreased from 6.07 L/min to 0.70 L/min after the modification. CO-Fick-AD showed a mean bias of 0.17 (95% CI 0.00-0.34) L/min, with a 36.4% (95% CI 30.6-44.4%) error. The concordance rates of CO-Fick-AD ranged from 73.3 to 87.1% depending on the time interval and exclusion zone.
conclusionsThe original Fick method is not reliable when oxygen extraction is low, but a modification using data-driven approach could enable continuous estimation of cardiac output during the dynamic intraoperative period with minimal bias. However, further improvements in precision and trending ability are needed.
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