ArticleCarbohydrate polymers2023
Human milk oligosaccharides in milk of mothers with term and preterm delivery at different lactation stage.
Article in Carbohydrate polymers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of human milk lactoferrin with measures of physical growth in very preterm infants.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Human milk oligosaccharide secretion dynamics during breastfeeding and its antimicrobial role: A systematic review.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Article
- Patterns of Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Mature Milk Are Associated with Certain Gut Microbiota in Infants.Nutrients · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are structurally diverse unconjugated glycans, and play crucial roles in protecting infants from infections. Preterm birth is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality, and preterm infants are particularly vulnerable and are in need of improved outcomes from breast-feeding due to the presence of bioactive HMOs. However, studies on specific difference in HMOs as a function of gestation time have been very limited. We established an approach to extract and analyze HMOs based on 96-well plate extraction and mass spectrometry, and determined maternal phenotypes through distinctive fragments in product-ion spectra. We enrolled 85 women delivering at different gestation times (25-41 weeks), and observed different HMOs correlating with gestation time based on 233 samples from the 85 donors. With the increase of postpartum age, we observed a regular changing trajectory of HMOs in composition and relative abundance, and found significant differences in HMOs secreted at different postpartum times. Preterm delivery induced more variations between participants with different phenotypes compared with term delivery, and more HMOs varied with postpartum age in the population of secretors. The sialylation level in mature milk decreased for women delivering preterm while such decrease was not observed for women delivering on term.
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Registered trials
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