ArticleScience advances2023
Unexpected vaginal bleeding and COVID-19 vaccination in nonmenstruating women.
Article in Science advances, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Menstrual disturbance associated with COVID-19 vaccines: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- General practitioner consultation for postmenopausal bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination-a self-controlled cohort study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Broad-Spectrum Adverse Events of Special Interests Based on Immune Response Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Large-Scale Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence models predicting abnormal uterine bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Possible Mechanistic Basis of Individual Susceptibility to Spike Protein Injury.Advances in virology · 2025Review
- Reports of Batch-Dependent Suspected Adverse Events of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: Comparison of Results from Denmark and Sweden.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Abnormal uterine bleeding diagnoses and care following COVID-19 vaccination.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Case reports as early safety signals: learning from the COVID-19 vaccination campaign.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- No one listens to us, we know this, so we participated: Qualitative evidence from menstruation research during the COVID-19 pandemic.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and vaginal bleeding among nonmenstruating women is not well studied. The Norwegian Institute of Public Health followed several cohorts throughout the pandemic and early performed a systematic data collection of self-reported unexpected vaginal bleeding in nonmenstruating women. Among 7725 postmenopausal women, 7148 perimenopausal women, and 7052 premenopausal women, 3.3, 14.1, and 13.1% experienced unexpected vaginal bleeding during a period of 8 to 9 months, respectively. In postmenopausal women, the risk of unexpected vaginal bleeding (i.e., postmenopausal bleeding) in the 4 weeks after COVID-19 vaccination was increased two- to threefold, compared to a prevaccination period. The corresponding risk of unexpected vaginal bleeding after vaccination was increased three- to fivefold in both nonmenstruating peri- and premenopausal women. In the premenopausal women, Spikevax was associated with at 32% increased risk as compared to Comirnaty. Our results must be confirmed in future studies.
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Registered trials
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