Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37737615›Full record

ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2023

Tonsils are major sites of persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in children.

Thais Melquiades de Lima, Ronaldo Bragança Martins, Carolina Sponchiado Miura, Maria Vitória Oliveira Souza, Murilo Henrique Anzolini Cassiano, Tamara Silva Rodrigues, Flávio Protásio Veras, Josane de Freitas Sousa, Rogério Gomes, Glaucia Maria de Almeida and 14 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Role of germinal center and CD39Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Thais Melquiades de Lima *Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Ronaldo Bragança Martins *Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Carolina Sponchiado Miura *Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Maria Vitória Oliveira SouzaDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Murilo Henrique Anzolini CassianoDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Tamara Silva RodriguesDepartment of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Flávio Protásio VerasDepartment of BioMolecular Sciences, University of São Paulo School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Josane de Freitas SousaDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rogério GomesDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Glaucia Maria de AlmeidaDepartment of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Stella Rezende MeloDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Gabriela Condé da SilvaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Matheus DiasDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Carlos Fabiano CapatoDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Maria Lúcia SilvaDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Veridiana Ester Dias de Barros LuizDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Lucas Rodrigues CarenziDepartment of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Dario Simões ZamboniDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Daniel Macedo de Melo JorgeDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fernando de Queiroz CunhaDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Edwin TamashiroDepartment of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Wilma Terezinha Anselmo-LimaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fabiana Cardoso Pereira ValeraDepartment of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Eurico ArrudaDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-0978-410X
Universidade de São Paulo · BR

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) 403201/2020-9Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) 2019/26119-0Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) 2020/07063-1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

importanceThis study shows that SRS-CoV-2 of different lineages can infect tonsils and adenoids in one quarter of children undergoing tonsillectomy. These findings bring advancement to the area of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, by showing that tonsils may be sites of prolonged infection, even without evidence of recent COVID-19 symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 infection of B and T lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells may interfere with the mounting of immune responses in these secondary lymphoid organs. Moreover, the shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory secretions from silently infected children raises concern about possible diagnostic confusion in the presence of symptoms of acute respiratory infections caused by other etiologies.

Indexed as

adenoidchildrenCOVID-19otorhinolaryngologypalatine tonsilpediatric infectious diseasepersistent infectionrespiratory virusesviral infectionvirus persistence

Identifiers

PMID37737615
PMCPMC10581087
OpenAlexW4386944157

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.