ArticleMethods and protocols2023
The Last Mile-Community Engagement and Conditional Incentives to Accelerate Polio Eradication in Pakistan: Study Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Trial.
Article in Methods and protocols, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05721274 (The Last Mile - Community Engagement and Conditional Incentives to Accelerate Polio Eradication in Conflict-affected Areas of Pakistan), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Last Mile - Community Engagement and Conditional Incentives to Accelerate Polio Eradication in Conflict-affected Areas of Pakistan
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond Hesitancy: Current Multi-Level Polio Vaccine Refusals and Pathways to Acceptance in a High-Risk Region of Pakistan.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Rebuilding Vaccine Confidence Through Community-Centered Health Promotion: A Call for Trust, Engagement, and Sustainable Immunization.Journal of healthcare leadership · 2026Article
- Creating cohesive communities: using Conditional-Collective-Community-Based Incentives to change social norms on polio immunization in Pakistan.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- A Low-Cost, Integrated Immunization, Health, and Nutrition Intervention in Conflict Settings in Pakistan-The Impact on Zero-Dose Children and Polio Coverage.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Community acceptance of services and effectiveness of health camps in high-risk areas of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Poliomyelitis is a condition of great concern and is endemic in only two countries of the world: Pakistan and Afghanistan. Community mobilization plays a vital role in raising awareness and can help reduce polio vaccine refusals. The objective of this study will be to decrease polio vaccine refusals and zero-dose vaccines by motivating behavior change through the provision of conditional-collective-community-based incentives (C3Is) based on a reduction in polio vaccine refusals. The project will adopt a pretest/post-test quasi-experimental design with two intervention high-risk union councils (HRUCs) and two control union councils (UCs) of peri-urban (Karachi) and rural (Bannu) settings in Pakistan. A participatory community engagement and demand creation strategy with trust-building community mobilization with C3Is, to reduce vaccine refusals and improve polio immunization coverage in two HRUCs, will be used. These UCs will be divided into clusters based on the polio program framework and community groups will be formed in each cluster. These community groups will carry out awareness activities and will be given serial targets to reduce vaccine refusals and those who qualify will be provided C3Is. The project intends to create a replicable model that the government can integrate within health systems for long-term sustainability until the goal of eradication of poliovirus is achieved. The evaluation will be carried out by an independent data collection and analysis team at baseline and endline (after 12 months of intervention). The trial is registered with linicalTrials.gov with number NCT05721274.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.