ArticleJournal of applied clinical medical physics2024
Initial experience with an electron FLASH research extension (FLEX) for the Clinac system.
Article in Journal of applied clinical medical physics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of electron FLASH dosimetry and beam control mechanisms utilized with modified non-clinical LINACs.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Ultra-high dose rate electron FLASH beam irradiation using a modified clinical linear accelerator.PloS one · 2026Article
- FLASH radiotherapy at a crossroads: a bibliometric perspective on progress and challenges.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Beam intensity and stability control on a modified clinical linear accelerator for FLASH irradiation.Physics in medicine and biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Characterization of a commercial plastic scintillator for electron FLASH dosimetry.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2024Article
- First in vitro cell co-culture experiments using laser-induced high-energy electron FLASH irradiation for the development of anti-cancer therapeutic strategies.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Commissioning and initial validation of Eclipse eMC algorithm for the electron FLASH research extension (FLEX) system for pre-clinical studies.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2024Article
- Initial experience with an electron FLASH research extension (FLEX) for the Clinac system.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeRadiotherapy delivered at ultra-high-dose-rates (≥40 Gy/s), that is, FLASH, has the potential to effectively widen the therapeutic window and considerably improve the care of cancer patients. The underlying mechanism of the FLASH effect is not well understood, and commercial systems capable of delivering such dose rates are scarce. The purpose of this study was to perform the initial acceptance and commissioning tests of an electron FLASH research product for preclinical studies.
methodsA linear accelerator (Clinac 23EX) was modified to include a non-clinical FLASH research extension (the Clinac-FLEX system) by Varian, a Siemens Healthineers company (Palo Alto, CA) capable of delivering a 16 MeV electron beam with FLASH and conventional dose rates. The acceptance, commissioning, and dosimetric characterization of the FLEX system was performed using radiochromic film, optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters, and a plane-parallel ionization chamber. A radiation survey was conducted for which the shielding of the pre-existing vault was deemed sufficient.
resultsThe Clinac-FLEX system is capable of delivering a 16 MeV electron FLASH beam of approximately 1 Gy/pulse at isocenter and reached a maximum dose rate >3.8 Gy/pulse near the upper accessory mount on the linac gantry. The percent depth dose curves of the 16 MeV FLASH and conventional modes for the 10 × 10 cm
conclusionOur studies characterized the non-clinical Clinac-FLEX system as a viable solution to conduct FLASH research that could substantially increase access to ultra-high-dose-rate capabilities for scientists.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.