Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37735254›Full record

ArticleNature plants2023

Balanophora genomes display massively convergent evolution with other extreme holoparasites and provide novel insights into parasite-host interactions.

Xiaoli Chen, Dongming Fang, Yuxing Xu, Kunyu Duan, Satoko Yoshida, Shuai Yang, Sunil Kumar Sahu, Hui Fu, Xuanmin Guang, Min Liu and 20 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature plants, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
14.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Identification of a Highly VirulentPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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  14. Genomic signatures associated with the evolutionary loss of egg yolk in parasitoid wasps.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  16. PhytoKeys · 2025
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  18. Photosynthetic demands on translational machinery drive retention of redundant tRNA metabolism in plant organelles.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
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  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.

Xiaoli Chen *State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4878-1905
Dongming Fang *State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Yuxing Xu *Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7801-8759
Kunyu DuanBGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Satoko YoshidaGraduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9999-7861
Shuai YangState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Sunil Kumar SahuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4742-9870
Hui FuBGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Xuanmin GuangState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Min LiuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Chenyu WuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Yang LiuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Weixue MuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Yewen ChenState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Yannan FanState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-6878
Fang WangState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Shufeng PengCollege of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Dishen ShiBGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-4357-360X
Yayu WangState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
Runxian YuState Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5645-0487
Wen ZhangChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
Yuqing BaiAdministrative Office of Wutong Mountain National Park, Shenzhen, China.
Zhong-Jian LiuKey Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-3878
Qiaoshun YanAilaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jingdong, China.
Xin LiuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3256-2940
Xun XuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5338-5173
Huanming YangState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0858-3410
Jianqiang WuDepartment of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7726-6216
Sean W GrahamDepartment of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. swgraham@mail.ubc.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-5231
Huan LiuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI Research, Shenzhen, China. liuhuan@genomics.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3909-0931
BGI Group (China) · CNZhengzhou University · CNChina National GeneBank · CNKunming Institute of Botany · CNChinese Academy of Sciences · CNFujian Agriculture and Forestry University · CNNara Institute of Science and Technology · JPSun Yat-sen University · CNUniversity of British Columbia Hospital · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Parasitic plants have evolved to be subtly or severely dependent on host plants to complete their life cycle. To provide new insights into the biology of parasitic plants in general, we assembled genomes for members of the sandalwood order Santalales, including a stem hemiparasite (Scurrula) and two highly modified root holoparasites (Balanophora) that possess chimaeric host-parasite tubers. Comprehensive genome comparisons reveal that hemiparasitic Scurrula has experienced a relatively minor degree of gene loss compared with autotrophic plants, consistent with its moderate degree of parasitism. Nonetheless, patterns of gene loss appear to be substantially divergent across distantly related lineages of hemiparasites. In contrast, Balanophora has experienced substantial gene loss for the same sets of genes as an independently evolved holoparasite lineage, the endoparasitic Sapria (Malpighiales), and the two holoparasite lineages experienced convergent contraction of large gene families through loss of paralogues. This unprecedented convergence supports the idea that despite their extreme and strikingly divergent life histories and morphology, the evolution of these and other holoparasitic lineages can be shaped by highly predictable modes of genome reduction. We observe substantial evidence of relaxed selection in retained genes for both hemi- and holoparasitic species. Transcriptome data also document unusual and novel interactions between Balanophora and host plants at the host-parasite tuber interface tissues, with evidence of mRNA exchange, substantial and active hormone exchange and immune responses in parasite and host.

Indexed as

Host-Parasite InteractionsPlants

Identifiers

PMID37735254
OpenAlexW4386924008

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.