ReviewThe Science of the total environment2023
A critical review of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) landfill disposal in the United States.
Review in The Science of the total environment, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Leachability and Chemical Profiles of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Electronic Waste Components: Targeted and Non-Targeted Analysis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nationwide Estimate of Volatile Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Emissions from U.S. Landfills via Landfill Gas.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): History, Current Concerns, and Future Outlook.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Emerging contaminants of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs): a review of sources, occurrence, and accumulation in plants.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2025Review
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) profiles in primary and secondary landfill leachates: Indications of transformation, liner interactions, and other PFAS sources.Journal of hazardous materials · 2025Article
- A critical review for removal of pre- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from landfill leachate: possible solutions with biological nitrogen removal and anammox systems.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- High levels of flame retardants in vehicle dust indicate ongoing use of brominated and organophosphate flame retardants in vehicle interiors.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2025Article
- City-scale impacts of PFAS from normal and elevated temperature landfill leachates on wastewater treatment plant influent.Journal of hazardous materials · 2024Article
- The unique distribution pattern of PFAS in landfill organics.Journal of hazardous materials · 2024Article
- Mapping Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Footprint from Cosmetics and Carpets across the Continental United States.ACS ES&T water · 2024Article
- Characterization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and other constituents in MSW landfill leachate from Puerto Rico.Chemosphere · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Landfills manage materials containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from municipal solid waste (MSW) and other waste streams. This manuscript summarizes state and federal initiatives and critically reviews peer-reviewed literature to define best practices for managing these wastes and identify data gaps to guide future research. The objective is to inform stakeholders about waste-derived PFAS disposed of in landfills, PFAS emissions, and the potential for related environmental impacts. Furthermore, this document highlights data gaps and uncertainties concerning the fate of PFAS during landfill disposal. Most studies on this topic measured PFAS in liquid landfill effluent (leachate); comparatively fewer have attempted to estimate PFAS loading in landfills or other effluent streams such as landfill gas (LFG). In all media, the reported total PFAS heavily depends on waste types and the number of PFAS included in the analytical method. Early studies which only measured a small number of PFAS, predominantly perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), likely report a significant underestimation of total PFAS. Major findings include relationships between PFAS effluent and landfill conditions - biodegradable waste increases PFAS transformation and leaching. Based on the results of multiple studies, it is estimated that 84% of PFAS loading to MSW landfills (7.2 T total) remains in the waste mass, while 5% leaves via LFG and 11% via leachate on an annual basis. The environmental impact of landfill-derived PFAS has been well-documented. Additional research is needed on PFAS in landfilled construction and demolition debris, hazardous, and industrial waste in the US.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.