ReviewObstetrics and gynecology2023
Historical Primer on Obstetrics and Gynecology Health Inequities in America: A Narrative Review of Four Events.
Review in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Postpartum Hypertension: An Important Window of Opportunity to Optimize Maternal Health.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- Abortion Bans and Pregnancy-Related Care Across Physician Specialties: A Qualitative Study.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Association between preeclampsia and eclampsia in Black women with endometriosis: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Feminine hygiene products and black women's reproductive health: a review of health inequities, racialized marketing, and practice implications.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
- Breaking the Silence: A Scoping Literature Review on Trauma-Informed Care for Black Women Navigating Sexual Health-Related Trauma.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The Role of Race/Ethnicity on the Association between Neighborhood Deprivation and Breast Cancer Outcomes among Kentucky Patients with Breast Cancer (2010-2022).Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Race/Ethnicity, Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Status, and Papanicolaou Test Uptake Among 27-45-Year-Old Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2019-2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Data.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Patient and community centered approaches to sepsis among birthing people.Seminars in perinatology · 2024Review
- Society of Family Planning Research Practice Support: Strategies and considerations for addressing race and racism in quantitative family planning studies.Contraception · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Four historical events provide context for racial injustices and inequities in medicine in the United States today: the invention of race as a social construct, enslavement in the Americas, the legal doctrine of Partus sequitur ventrem, and the American eugenics movement. This narrative review demonstrates how these race-based systems resulted in stereotypes, myths, and biases against Black individuals that contribute to health inequities today. Education on the effect of slavery in current health care outcomes may prevent false explanations for inequities based on stereotypes and biases. These historical events validate the need for medicine to move away from practicing race-based medicine and instead aim to understand the intersectionality of sex, race, and other social constructs in affecting the health of patients today.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.