ArticleJCI insight2023
The XIST lncRNA is a sex-specific reservoir of TLR7 ligands in SLE.
Article in JCI insight, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-dependent mechanisms in rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Epigenetic regulation of B cell tolerance and dysfunction in autoimmune disease.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- TLR7 in systemic lupus erythematosus: genetics and emerging therapies.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Machine learning reveals X chromosome transcriptional signatures that classify systemic lupus erythematosus in females.BMC rheumatology · 2026Article
- Female mice with a Xist deletion in B cells can develop lupus-associated phenotypes.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Article
- How biological sex shapes differences in immune responses to infection.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- The Metabolic Calibration of Female Immune Plasticity: From X-Linked Vulnerability to Precision Metabotyping.Biology · 2026Review
- The X Factor in Immunity: Sex Differences Shaped by the X Chromosome.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Aging-associated autoimmunity in genetically diverse UM-HET3 mice shows an early female sex bias.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Decidual CD4 Effector Memory and Resident Memory T Cells Respond to Cord Blood Allo-Antigens.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Exosomal non-coding RNAs in autoimmune diseases: molecular mechanisms and potential applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Long noncoding RNA regulation of immunity.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- XIST expression and hypermethylation of the X chromosome in males with systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Insights into the pathogenesis of childhood-onset SLE in the past decade.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- LncRNA transcriptome analysis of rainbow trout (Virulence · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of sex differences in acute and long COVID sequelae in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- X-linked transcriptome dysregulation across immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Harnessing mRNA-lipid nanoparticles as innovative therapies for autoimmune diseases.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Review
- Sex Bias in Autoimmunity: New Findings and New Opportunities.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a dramatic sex bias, affecting 9 times more women than men. Activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) by self-RNA is a central pathogenic process leading to aberrant production of type I interferon (IFN) in SLE, but the specific RNA molecules that serve as TLR7 ligands have not been defined. By leveraging gene expression data and the known sequence specificity of TLR7, we identified the female-specific X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) long noncoding RNA as a uniquely rich source of TLR7 ligands in SLE. XIST RNA stimulated IFN-α production by plasmacytoid DCs in a TLR7-dependent manner, and deletion of XIST diminished the ability of whole cellular RNA to activate TLR7. XIST levels were elevated in blood leukocytes from women with SLE compared with controls, correlated positively with disease activity and the IFN signature, and were enriched in extracellular vesicles released from dying cells in vitro. Importantly, XIST was not IFN inducible, suggesting that XIST is a driver, rather than a consequence, of IFN in SLE. Overall, our work elucidated a role for XIST RNA as a female sex-specific danger signal underlying the sex bias in SLE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.