Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37732043›Full record

ArticleArchives of medical science : AMS2023

Association between electronic nicotine delivery systems use and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis of 1,024,401 participants.

Kamal Awad, Maged Mohammed, Seth S Martin, Maciej Banach

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of medical science : AMS, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
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  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. The year in nutrition medicine 2023.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kamal AwadFaculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt.
Maged MohammedFaculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt.
Seth S MartinJohns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Maciej BanachJohns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: To evaluate the relationship between electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use and the risk of stroke when compared to non-smokers. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted until June 15, 2023. We included observational studies that assessed association of current or former usage of ENDS with risk of stroke compared with non-smokers, reported the risk estimate as odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) and were adjusted for possible confounders. Results: 6 studies with 1,024,401 participants were included in our analysis. ENDS use was associated with a significant increased risk of stroke (OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.17-1.97) compared with non-users. A non-significant association was found between former ENDS use and risk of stroke (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.87-1.21). Conclusions: The ENDS usage appears to be associated with a higher risk of stroke compared to non-use, whereas there was no association between former ENDS use and the risk of stroke.

Indexed as

lifestyle changespreventionrisksmokingstroke

Identifiers

PMID37732043
PMCPMC10507757

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.