ArticleFrontiers in medicine2023
Morphologic variants of Meibomian glands: age-wise distribution and differences between upper and lower eyelids.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Differential Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Clinical Strategies for Perioperative Dry Eye in Presenile Cataract and Age-Related Cataract.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Characteristics of the meibomian gland in a population without dry eye symptoms.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- AI driven quantitative analysis of meibomian glands in children and adolescents: a benchmark dataset study.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Article
- Impact of definition of meibomian gland dysfunction on the frequency of MGD in dry eye disease from the DREAM© study.Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association · 2025Article
- Morphological Characteristics of the Meibomian Glands: Impact of Demographics and Contact Lens Wear.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Development and multicenter validation of an AI driven model for quantitative meibomian gland evaluation.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Applied anatomy and morphology of Meibomian glands in the non-human primate.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impact of smoking exposure on meibomian gland morphology and tear film stability: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Meibomian Gland Shortening Is Associated With Altered Meibum Composition.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Factors affecting meibomian gland area loss in symptomatic adults.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the distribution of various Meibomian gland morphologies across different age groups in healthy individuals. Methods: The infrared meibographic morphologies of the Meibomian glands from the upper and lower eyelids of 236 healthy individuals (472 eyes; mean age 38.4 ± 17.5 years; 80 female participants: 156 male participants) were evaluated for their prevalence and differences across six decades of life, from 10 to 80 years. A linear mixed-effects modeling test was performed for statistical analysis. Results: Of 14,452 glands, 8,830 (61%) glands were located in the upper eyelid. No significant differences in frequency were noted between different age groups for distorted, tortuous, hooked, overlapping, abnormal gap, fluffy areas, dropout (except for 51-60 vs. 10-20 years, Conclusion: Various morphologic characteristics of the Meibomian glands that are considered abnormal can be present in healthy individuals, and only moderate to severely short glands display an increase in abnormal morphologic characteristics of the Meibomian glands with age.
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