Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37730648›Full record

ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2023

Intrinsic variables associated with low back pain and lumbar spine injury in fast bowlers in cricket: a systematic review.

Patrick Farhart, David Beakley, Ashish Diwan, Rob Duffield, Elizabeth Pickering Rodriguez, Uphar Chamoli, Mark Watsford

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Patrick FarhartSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, Human Performance Research Centre, Moore Park Precinct, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia. patrick.j.farhart@student.uts.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2144-9179
David BeakleyDeakin University, Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0752-4865
Ashish DiwanSpine Labs, Discipline of Surgery, St. George and Sutherland Campus of the Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1037-8421
Rob DuffieldSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, Human Performance Research Centre, Moore Park Precinct, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5641-1314
Elizabeth Pickering RodriguezSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, Human Performance Research Centre, Moore Park Precinct, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-6541
Uphar ChamoliSpine Labs, Discipline of Surgery, St. George and Sutherland Campus of the Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-5814
Mark WatsfordSchool of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, Human Performance Research Centre, Moore Park Precinct, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4569-6377
University of Technology Sydney · AUDeakin University · AUSutherland Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLumbar spine injuries in fast bowlers account for the greatest missed playing time in cricket. A range of extrinsic and intrinsic variables are hypothesised to be associated with low back pain and lumbar spine injury in fast bowlers, and an improved understanding of intrinsic variables is necessary as these may alter load tolerance and injury risk associated with fast bowling. This review critically evaluated studies reporting intrinsic variables associated with low back pain and lumbar spine injury in fast bowlers and identified areas for future investigation.

methodsOVID Medline, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases were last searched on 3 June 2022 to identify studies investigating intrinsic variables associated with low back pain and lumbar spine injury in cricket fast bowlers. Terms relevant to cricket fast bowling, and intrinsic variables associated with lumbar spine injury and low back pain in fast bowlers were searched. 1,503 abstracts were screened, and 118 full-text articles were appraised to determine whether they met inclusion criteria. Two authors independently screened search results and assessed risk of bias using a modified version of the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool.

resultsTwenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, no included studies demonstrated a low risk of bias, two studies were identified as moderate risk, and twenty-three studies were identified as high risk. Conflicting results were reported amongst studies investigating associations of fast bowling kinematics and kinetics, trunk and lumbar anatomical features, anthropometric traits, age, and neuromuscular characteristics with low back pain and lumbar spine injury.

conclusionInconsistencies in results may be related to differences in study design, injury definitions, participant characteristics, measurement parameters, and statistical analyses. Low back pain and lumbar spine injury occurrence in fast bowlers remain high, and this may be due to an absence of low bias studies that have informed recommendations for their prevention. Future research should employ clearly defined injury outcomes, analyse continuous datasets, utilise models that better represent lumbar kinematics and kinetics during fast bowling, and better quantify previous injury, lumbar anatomical features and lumbar maturation.

trial registrationOpen Science Framework https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/ERKZ2 .

Indexed as

Fast bowlingIntrinsic variablesKinematicsKineticsLow back painLumbar spine injuryNeuromuscularRadiologyTechnique

Identifiers

PMID37730648
PMCPMC10512628
OpenAlexW4386887870

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.