ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023
Programming hydrogel adhesion with engineered polymer network topology.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digital Printing of Photoreversible Protective Films.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2026Article
- Bacteria-mimetic bioadhesives with multivalent mucoadhesion and drug-compatible delivery.Materials horizons · 2026Article
- Programmable Hydrogels for Surgical Interface Control: Function-Based Design, DNA-Based Molecular Modules, and Translational Evaluation.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Topology-Regulated Polyurea: From Structural Design to Emerging Applications.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Harnessing Surface Instabilities for Functional Materials: Mechanics, Morphology, and Emerging Applications.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- Tough adhesive bilayer hydrogels.Cell reports. Physical science · 2026Article
- Nonmonotonic rate-dependent adhesion of hydrogels.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Programmable Hydrogels: Frontiers in Dynamic Closed-Loop Systems, Biomimetic Synergy, and Clinical Translation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Ultrasound Cavitation Enables Rapid, Initiator-Free Fabrication of Tough Anti-Freezing Hydrogels.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- An Environmentally Stable, Biocompatible, and Multilayered Wound Dressing Film with Reversible and Strong Adhesion.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Additive manufacturing of highly entangled polymer networks.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Wearable Healthcare Devices: From Material to Application.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Instant tough adhesion of polymer networks.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hydrogel adhesion that can be easily modulated in magnitude, space, and time is desirable in many emerging applications ranging from tissue engineering and soft robotics to wearable devices. In synthetic materials, these complex adhesion behaviors are often achieved individually with mechanisms and apparatus that are difficult to integrate. Here, we report a universal strategy to embody multifaceted adhesion programmability in synthetic hydrogels. By designing the surface network topology of a hydrogel, supramolecular linkages that result in contrasting adhesion behaviors are formed on the hydrogel interface. The incorporation of different topological linkages leads to dynamically tunable adhesion with high-resolution spatial programmability without alteration of bulk mechanics and chemistry. Further, the association of linkages enables stable and tunable adhesion kinetics that can be tailored to suit different applications. We rationalize the physics of polymer chain slippage, rupture, and diffusion at play in the emergence of the programmable behaviors. With the understanding, we design and fabricate various soft devices such as smart wound patches, fluidic channels, drug-eluting devices, and reconfigurable soft robotics. Our study presents a simple and robust platform in which adhesion controllability in multiple aspects can be easily integrated into a single design of a hydrogel network.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.