ArticlePloS one2023
Assessment of antibody dynamics and neutralizing activity using serological assay after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Surrogate virus neutralization test as a scalable and reliable tool for immune surveillance in booster-vaccinated populations.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Humoral immunity and infection status of PLWH following vaccination after the BA.5/BF.7 wave.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- CD4/CD8 ratio is associated with structural reorganization of vaccine-induced immune responses in people living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Effect of anti-S antibody titers on newly confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Korea: a community-based cohort study (K-SEROSMART Wave 2).BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Seroprevalence in Romania: Insights from a Nationwide Antibody Study.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Obesity does not influence SARS-CoV-2 humoral vaccine immunogenicity.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- Seroepidemiological Observational Study in Total and Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Among Primary Care Patients in Crete, Greece.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Observational
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
The COVID-19 antibody test was developed to investigate the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we examined whether S antibody titers measured using the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (S-IgG), a high-throughput test method, reflects the neutralizing capacity acquired after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. To assess the antibody dynamics and neutralizing potency, we utilized a total of 457 serum samples from 253 individuals: 325 samples from 128 COVID-19 patients including 136 samples from 29 severe/critical cases (Group S), 155 samples from 71 mild/moderate cases (Group M), and 132 samples from 132 health care workers (HCWs) who have received 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccinations. The authentic virus neutralization assay, the surrogate virus neutralizing antibody test (sVNT), and the Anti-N SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay (N-IgG) have been performed along with the S-IgG. The S-IgG correlated well with the neutralizing activity detected by the authentic virus neutralization assay (0.8904. of Spearman's rho value, p < 0.0001) and sVNT (0.9206. of Spearman's rho value, p < 0.0001). However, 4 samples (2.3%) of S-IgG and 8 samples (4.5%) of sVNT were inconsistent with negative results for neutralizing activity of the authentic virus neutralization assay. The kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and anti-S IgG in severe cases were faster than the mild cases. All the HCWs elicited anti-S IgG titer after the second vaccination. However, the HCWs with history of COVID-19 or positive N-IgG elicited higher anti-S IgG titers than those who did not have it previously. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict the risk of breakthrough infection from anti-S IgG or sVNT antibody titers in HCWs after the second vaccination. Our data shows that the use of anti-S IgG titers as direct quantitative markers of neutralizing capacity is limited. Thus, antibody tests should be carefully interpreted when used as serological markers for diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis of COVID-19.
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