Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37723498›Full record

Trial reportBMC public health2023

Factors associated with anemia among school-going adolescents aged 10-17 years in Zanzibar, Tanzania: a cross sectional study.

Innocent Yusufu, Ilana R Cliffer, Mashavu H Yussuf, Cecilia Anthony, Frank Mapendo, Seif Abdulla, Mary Masanja, Amani Tinkasimile, Ali Salim Ali, Mary Mwanyika-Sando and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05104554 (School-Based Assessment of Micronutrient Interventions in Adolescents), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05104554 nacompletednot on this map

School-Based Assessment of Micronutrient Interventions in Adolescents (SAMIA) in Zanzibar

TypeinterventionalSponsorHarvard School of Public Health (HSPH)Ran2022 to 2023Enrolled2,480ConditionsAnemiaArmsIron and folic acid (IFA), Multiple Micronutrient Supplement (MMS)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Innocent Yusufu *Africa Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Ilana R Cliffer *Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 90 Smith Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, United States of America. icliffer@hsph.harvard.edu.
Mashavu H YussufAfrica Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Cecilia AnthonyAfrica Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Frank MapendoAfrica Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Seif AbdullaZanzibar Association for People Living with HIV/AIDS, Unguja, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Mary MasanjaAfrica Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Amani TinkasimileAfrica Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Ali Salim AliZanzibar Association for People Living with HIV/AIDS, Unguja, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Mary Mwanyika-SandoAfrica Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Wafaie FawziDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 90 Smith Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, United States of America.
Africa Academy for Public Health · TZZanzibar University · TZHarvard Global Health Institute · USHarvard University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnemia among adolescents (ages 10-19 years) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries and carries long-term health and economic consequences. To address the issue, policymakers and programmers require evidence of the burden of anemia among adolescents in specific contexts, as well as an understanding of the factors associated with anemia in this population.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey as a baseline assessment to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia in secondary school students, as part of a cluster-randomized effectiveness trial testing different micronutrient supplementation strategies in addressing anemia among adolescents in Zanzibar. Between March 7th to 25th, 2022 the survey was conducted on 2,479 school-going adolescents aged 10-17 years from 42 schools on the island of Zanzibar, Tanzania. Hemoglobin concentration was measured along with the collection of socio-demographics, health, food frequency, and water, sanitation and hygiene data.

resultsBased on the World Health Organization cutoffs for anemia, 53.3% of the sample had anemia (mild, moderate, or severe). Using chi-square tests and logistic regressions, we determined that females had higher odds of anemia than males (Adjusted OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.74), those in the highest wealth quintile had lower odds of anemia than those in the lowest wealth quintile (Adjusted OR = 0.7; CI: 0.54, 0.91), stunted adolescents had higher odds of anemia than non-stunted students (Adjusted OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.06,1.81), and those who used shared toilets had higher odds of moderate or severe anemia than those with private toilet access (Adjusted OR = 1.68; CI: 1.07, 2.64).

conclusionsThe high prevalence of anemia in this sample indicates an urgent need to address anemia among adolescents in Zanzibar, and the factors associated with anemia point to the importance of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions in addition to dietary and nutritional support.

trial registrationNCT05104554, registered 03/11/2021.

Indexed as

AnemiaAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFoodHumansMaleSchoolsTanzaniaAdolescentsAnemiaFolic acidIronMicronutrient deficiencyMultiple micronutrientsNutrition

Identifiers

PMID37723498
PMCPMC10508009
OpenAlexW4386829332

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.