ReviewNutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition2023
Importance of human milk for infants in the clinical setting: Updates and mechanistic links.
Review in Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Supporting breastfeeding when clinical nutrition interventions are required in the paediatric healthcare setting: a systematic review.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Pooled it
- Human Milk Practices in Swedish Neonatal Units: Results From a Nationwide Survey.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Feed Modification for Improved Energy and Protein Provision for Infants and Young Children in the Pediatric Critical Care Setting: A Scoping Review.Nutrition reviews · 2025Article
- Freeze-Dried Donor Milk for Fortification of Mother's Own Milk in Preterm Infants: A Preliminary Observational Study.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Experiences of breast milk donors in Sweden: balancing the motivation to do something good with overcoming the challenges it entails.International breastfeeding journal · 2024Article
- Nutritional Strategies for Preterm Neonates and Preterm Neonates Undergoing Surgery: New Insights for Practice and Wrong Beliefs to Uproot.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Sampling Procedures for Estimating the Infant Intake of Human Milk Leptin, Adiponectin, Insulin, Glucose, and Total Lipid.Nutrients · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionHuman milk (HM) is the optimal source of nutrition for infants and has been implicated in multiple aspects of infant health. Although much of the existing literature has focused on the individual components that drive its nutrition content, examining HM as a biological system is needed for meaningful advancement of the field. Investigation of the nonnutritive bioactive components of HM and the maternal, infant, and environmental factors which affect these bioactives is important to better understand the importance of HM provision to infants. This information may inform care of clinical populations or infants who are critically ill, hospitalized, or who have chronic diseases and may benefit most from receiving HM.
methodsIn this narrative review, we reviewed literature examining maternal and infant influences on HM composition with a focus on studies published in the last 10 years that were applicable to clinical populations.
resultsWe found multiple studies examining HM components implicated in infant immune and gut health and neurodevelopment. Additional work is needed to understand how donor milk and formula may be used in situations of inadequate maternal HM. Furthermore, a better understanding of how maternal factors such as maternal genetics and metabolic health influence milk composition is needed.
conclusionIn this review, we affirm the importance of HM for all infants, especially clinical populations. An understanding of how HM composition is modulated by maternal and environmental factors is important to progress the field forward with respect to mechanistic links between HM biology and infant health outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.