ArticleCanadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur2023
Preliminary clinical testing to inform development of the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool for Families (CPOT-Fam).
Article in Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Feasibility and Acceptability of a Patient- and Family-Oriented Approach to Pain Assessment in the Intensive Care Unit.Nursing in critical care · 2026Article
- The Critical Care Pain Observation Tool for Families (CPOT-Fam).Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2026Article
- Social enterprise as a strategy to advance patient-oriented health services innovation: learning from the Alberta Family Integrated Care model.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- The Future Is Bright: Highlighting Trainee Contributions to the Canadian Journal of Pain.Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2023Article
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13 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Introduction: Many patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) cannot communicate. For these patients, family caregivers (family members/close friends) could assist in pain assessment. We previously adapted the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) for family caregiver use (CPOT-Fam). In this study, we conducted preliminary clinical evaluation of the CPOT-Fam to inform further tool development. Methods: For preliminary testing, we collected (1) pain assessments of patients in the ICU from family caregivers (CPOT-Fam) and nurses (CPOT) and determined the degree of agreement (kappa coefficient, κ) and (2) collected openended feedback on the CPOT-Fam from family caregivers. For refinement, we used preliminary testing data to refine the CPOT-Fam with a multidisciplinary working group. Results: We assessed agreement between family caregiver and nurse pain scores for 29 patients. Binary agreement (κ) between CPOT-Fam and CPOT item scores (scores ≥2 considered indicative of significant pain) was fair, κ = 0.43 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.18-0.69). Agreement was highest for the CPOT-Fam items ventilator compliance/vocalization (weighted κ = 0.48, 95% CI 0.15-0.80) and lowest for muscle tension (weighted κ = 0.10, 95% [CI] -0.17 to 0.20). Most participants ( Conclusion: Our preliminary clinical testing suggests that family involvement in pain assessment in the ICU is well perceived. The CPOT-Fam has been further refined and is now ready for clinical pilot testing to determine its feasibility and acceptability.
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