ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2023
Association of epidural analgesia during labor and early postpartum urinary incontinence among women delivered vaginally: a propensity score matched retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Postpartum Contraction Pain During Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Association of labor epidural analgesia with early postpartum pelvic floor function in primiparous women undergoing vaginal delivery: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Epidural Anesthesia and Pelvic Floor Outcomes in Primiparas: A Retrospective Transperineal Ultrasound Study.International urogynecology journal · 2025Article
- Development and external validation of clinical predictive model for stress urinary incontinence in Chinese women : a multicenter retrospective study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough epidural analgesia is considered the gold standard for pain relief during labor and is safe for maternity and fetus, the association between the epidural analgesia and pelvic floor disorders remains unclear. Thus we estimate the association between epidural analgesia and early postpartum urinary incontinence (UI).
methodsA propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study was conducted at a university-affiliated hospital in Shanghai, China. Primiparous women with term, singleton, and vaginal delivery between December 2020 and February 2022 were included. UI was self-reported by maternity at 42 to 60 days postpartum and was classified by International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF). Using logistic regression models, the associations between epidural analgesia and early postpartum UI were assessed.
resultsAmong 5190 participants, 3709 (71.5%) choose epidural anesthesia during labor. Analysis of the propensity-matched cohort (including 1447 maternal pairs) showed epidural anesthesia during labor was independently associated with UI in early postpartum period (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.24-1.81). This association was mainly contributed to stress UI (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.12-1.71) rather than urge UI (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 0.99-2.15) and mixed UI (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 0.95-2.45). Furthermore, we observed that the association between epidural anesthesia and UI was more pronounced among older women (≥ 35 y) and women with macrosomia (infant weight ≥ 4000 g), compared with their counterparts (both P for interaction < 0.01). After further analysis excluding the women with UI during pregnancy, the results remained largely consistent with the main analysis.
conclusionsThe findings support that epidural anesthesia was associated with SUI in the early postpartum period.
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