Observational studyAddiction (Abingdon, England)2024
Identifying patients with opioid use disorder using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes: Challenges and opportunities.
Observational study in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic variation in BDNF is associated with opioid use disorder severity.Human genetics · 2026Article
- Impact of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder on Patient Directed Discharge Among Patients with Opioid Use Disorder.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Buprenorphine prescribing is increasingly delivered by primary care nurse practitioners to Medicaid beneficiaries.Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners · 2026Article
- Assessing the Initial Impact of X-Waiver Elimination on Buprenorphine Prescribing for Opioid Use Disorder.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- Understanding Remission of Long-Term Conditions Through Electronic Health Records: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Large Language Models Accurately Identify People Who Inject Drugs From Infectious Diseases Discharge Summaries in an Australian Hospital.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Access to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Among Veterans With Homeless Experience in Permanent Supportive Housing.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Temporal trends in emergency department opioid prescribing and related harms in Alberta, Canada: A population-based cohort study.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Criterion validity and divergent risk profiles of long-term opioid therapy across medicare and medicaid.PloS one · 2026Article
- Association Between Spinal Manipulative Therapy for Low Back Pain With or Without Sciatica and Opioid Use Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Implementation of screening and assessment tools for diagnosing opioid use disorder: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Review
- Factors associated with mortality following hospitalization among veterans with opioid use disorder.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Use of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Older Adults.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Prenatal opioid use disorder and child protective service involvement: Does consistent treatment matter?Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Perioperative opioid prescribing and iatrogenic opioid use disorder and overdose: a state-of-the-art narrative review.Regional anesthesia and pain medicine · 2024Review
- Risk of Oral Health Problems in Adults With Opioid Use Disorder Treated With Transmucosal Buprenorphine.Journal of addiction medicineArticle
- Buprenorphine Use and the Risk of Dental Adverse Events in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder.Substance use : research and treatmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsInternational Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnosis codes are often used in research to identify patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), but their accuracy for this purpose is not fully evaluated. This study describes application of ICD-10 diagnosis codes for opioid use, dependence and abuse from an electronic health record (EHR) data extraction using data from the clinics' OUD patient registries and clinician/staff EHR entries.
designCross-sectional observational study.
settingFour rural primary care clinics in Washington and Idaho, USA.
participants307 patients. MEASUREMENTS: This study used three data sources from each clinic: (1) a limited dataset extracted from the EHR, (2) a clinic-based registry of patients with OUD and (3) the clinician/staff interface of the EHR (e.g. progress notes, problem list). Data source one included records with six commonly applied ICD-10 codes for opioid use, dependence and abuse: F11.10 (opioid abuse, uncomplicated), F11.20 (opioid dependence, uncomplicated), F11.21 (opioid dependence, in remission), F11.23 (opioid dependence with withdrawal), F11.90 (opioid use, unspecified, uncomplicated) and F11.99 (opioid use, unspecified with unspecified opioid-induced disorder). Care coordinators used data sources two and three to categorize each patient identified in data source one: (1) confirmed OUD diagnosis, (2) may have OUD but no confirmed OUD diagnosis, (3) chronic pain with no evidence of OUD and (4) no evidence for OUD or chronic pain.
findingsF11.10, F11.21 and F11.99 were applied most frequently to patients who had clinical diagnoses of OUD (64%, 89% and 79%, respectively). F11.20, F11.23 and F11.90 were applied to patients who had a diagnostic mix of OUD and chronic pain without OUD. The four clinics applied codes inconsistently.
conclusionsLack of uniform application of ICD diagnosis codes make it challenging to use diagnosis code data from EHR to identify a research population of persons with opioid use disorder.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.