SynthesisHealth policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2023
Behavioral interventions for vaccination uptake: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effectiveness of interventions to increase vaccine uptake: component network meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026Pooled it
- Communication-based interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccine willingness and uptake: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- How do repeated financial incentives affect HIV care-seeking behaviours over time? Evidence from a cluster-randomised controlled trial.BMJ global health · 2026Trial
- Tough talks COVID-19 (TT-C) digital health intervention: multistate randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Effect of text message reminders to improve paediatric immunisation rates: a randomised controlled quality improvement project.BMJ quality & safety · 2025Trial
- Using an inferior decoy alternative to nudge COVID-19 vaccination.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- "Vaccinating your child during an emergency is more important than ever": a randomised controlled trial on message framing among Ukrainian refugees in Poland, 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Trial
- Factors associated with pneumococcal vaccine hesitancy and interventions to improve vaccine uptake in older adults: A narrative review using an established conceptual framework.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Beyond Knowledge: Addressing Health System Barriers to Hepatitis B Vaccination Among Healthcare Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Young Men's Communication Needs for the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: A Cross-Cultural, Qualitative Analysis in Scotland, Spain, and the USA.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- HPV vaccine awareness, perceptions, uptake, and school-based information channels during Nigeria's national rollout: a cross-sectional study among adolescent girls in rural Oyo State.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Digital Media for Health Outcomes: Evaluation Study of a Massive Online Open Course.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Maternal Vaccine Acceptance and Attitudes Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Literature Review.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Building on Vaccine Confidence in the Aftermath of the Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Primary Care Physicians.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunization Strategies for Older Adults in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Expert Consensus and Recommendations.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Psychosocial and Social Security Risks Linked to Vaccine Misinformation in Romania: Implications for Vaccination Acceptance and Public Policy.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Intention to vaccinate children against measles: findings from a national survey in the United States.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the effectiveness of social mobilization for vaccination among healthcare and non-healthcare workers in emergency situations.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHuman behavior and more specifically behavioral insight-based approaches to vaccine uptake have often been overlooked. While there have been a few narrative reviews indexed in Medline on behavioral interventions to increase vaccine uptake, to our knowledge, none have been systematic reviews and meta-analyses covering not just high but also low-and-middle income countries.
methodsWe included 613 studies from the Medline database in our systematic review and meta-analysis categorizing different behavioral interventions in 9 domains: education campaigns, on-site vaccination, incentives, free vaccination, institutional recommendation, provider recommendation, reminder and recall, message framing, and vaccine champion. Additionally, considering that there is variability in the acceptance of vaccines among different populations, we assessed studies from both high-income countries (HICs) and low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), separately.
findingsOur results showed that behavioral interventions can considerably improve vaccine uptake in most settings. All domains that we examined improved vaccine uptake with the highest effect size associated with provider recommendation (OR: 3.4 (95%CI: 2.5-4.6); Domain: motivation) and on-site vaccination (OR: 2.9 (95%CI: 2.3-3.7); Domain: practical issues). While the number of studies conducted in LMICs was smaller, the quality of studies was similar with those conducted in HICs. Nevertheless, there were variations in the observed effect sizes.
interpretationOur findings indicate that "provider recommendation" and "on-site vaccination" along with other behavioral interventions can be employed to increase vaccination rates globally.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.