ArticleResuscitation plus2023
A study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial of smartphone-activated first responders with ultraportable defibrillators in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: The First Responder Shock Trial (FIRST).
Article in Resuscitation plus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Learning to dispatch volunteers to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.Health care management science · 2026Article
- Barriers and enablers to public access defibrillation - an international RAND-UCLA consensus study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Public-Access Defibrillation and System Approaches to Minimize Avoidable Delay.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Underuse of bystander defibrillation on females during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective observational study in Aotearoa New Zealand.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- The impact of public access defibrillation on outcomes for children experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a 25-year retrospective study.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Drone-delivered automated external defibrillators in prehospital emergency care: implementation evidence, bottlenecks, and conceptual integration with artificial intelligence and next-generation communications.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Defining the terminology of first responders alerted for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by medical dispatch centres: An international consensus study on nomenclature.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Victoria, 2003-2022: retrospective analysis of Victorian Ambulance Cardiac Arrest Registry data.The Medical journal of Australia · 2024Observational
- Effectiveness of ultraportable automated external defibrillators: A scoping review.Resuscitation plus · 2024Article
- Addressing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with current technology advances: Breaking the deadlock with a mobile network.Journal of arrhythmia · 2024Review
- Sex Disparities in Resuscitation Quality Following Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To describe the First Responder Shock Trial (FIRST), which aims to determine whether equipping frequently responding, smartphone-activated (GoodSAM) first responders with an ultraportable AED can increase 30-day survival rates in OHCA. Methods: The FIRST trial is an investigator-initiated, bi-national (Victoria, Australia and New Zealand), registry-nested cluster-randomised controlled trial where the unit of randomisation is the smartphone-activated (GoodSAM) first responder. High-frequency GoodSAM responders are randomised 1:1 to receive an ultraportable, single-use AED or standard alert procedures using the GoodSAM app.The primary outcome is survival to 30 days. The secondary outcome measures (shockable rhythm, return of spontaneous circulation, event survival, and time to first shock delivery) are routinely collected by OHCA registries in both regions. The trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) (Registration: ACTRN12622000448741) on 22 March 2022. Results: The trial started in November 2022 and the last patient is expected to be enrolled in November 2024. We aim to detect a 7% increase in the proportion of 30-day survivors, from 9% in patients attended by control responders to 16% in patients attended by responders randomised to the ultraportable AED intervention arm. With 80% power, an alpha of 0.05, a cluster size of 1.5 and a coefficient of variation for cluster sizes of 1, the sample size required to detect this difference is 714 (357 per arm). Conclusion: The FIRST study will increase our understanding of the potential role of portable AED use by smartphone-activated community responders and their impact on survival outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.