Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37710277›Full record

ArticleJournal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England)2023

Disparities in occupational health services: an international comparative study.

Ayala Olga Krakov, Oren Zack, Oren Y Sagiv, Dan Slodownik, Rachel Raanan, Deborah Alperovitch-Najenson, Lilah Rinsky-Halivni, Shlomo Moshe

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Collaboration between occupational health services and other health care: a scoping review.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Ayala Olga KrakovThe Environmental and Occupational Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Oren ZackThe Environmental and Occupational Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Oren Y SagivThe Environmental and Occupational Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. orensag@gmail.com.
Dan SlodownikThe Environmental and Occupational Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Rachel RaananThe Environmental and Occupational Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Deborah Alperovitch-NajensonThe Environmental and Occupational Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Lilah Rinsky-HalivniThe Department of Occupational Medicine, Jerusalem District, Clalit Health Services, Jerusalem, Israel.
Shlomo MosheThe Environmental and Occupational Department, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Tel Aviv University · ILBen-Gurion University of the Negev · ILHarvard University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOccupational Health Services (OHS) are comprehensive, multidisciplinary services supplied by various trained workers, including occupational physicians (OP), whose specialty is focused on workers' health.

aimsOur study questions are whether the OP/worker ratio may reflect the scope and availability of OHS.

methodsThis comparative study, conducted on globally different OHS, was based on literature analysis of peer-reviewed articles published in journals covering topics of occupational medicine and public health that addressed parameters on the type and scope of OHS provision.

resultsWe described the number of OP/worker ratio, and the correlation to economic parameters (Gross domestic product-GDP, health expenditure, Gini Index-GI) by country. We found that among countries with a GDP per capita higher than US$30,000, only three (US, South Korea and Israel) had a very low OP/worker ratio (about 1:50,000 compared to 1:5,000 in other countries). Looking at all the countries together, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between health expenditure percentage of GDP per capita and OP/worker ratio (rs = -0.54, p = 0.01) and a significant positive correlation between GI and OP/worker ratio (rs = 0.47, p = 0.04).

conclusionsThe lesser the percentage of health expenditure of GDP and the subsequent greater general inequality as reflected by the GI, the lower the OP/worker ratio. The data collected in our comparative study show that the OP/worker ratio is a parameter both easy to define and obtain which best represents the status and disparity of OHS in each country.

Indexed as

Disparity in occupational medicineOccupational health servicesOccupational physicians

Identifiers

PMID37710277
PMCPMC10503138
OpenAlexW4386746135

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.