ReviewNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews2023
Beyond TORCH: A narrative review of the impact of antenatal and perinatal infections on the risk of disability.
Review in Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Biochemical Predictors in the Blood Serum of Children with TORCH Encephalopathy and Autism.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of children perinatally infected with chikungunya: the CHIK13+ matched cohort study on Reunion Island.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Mild SARS-CoV-2 maternal infection in mice induces transient offspring neurodevelopmental aberrance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Innate immune responses to pathogens at the maternal-fetal interface.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Types and Diagnosis of Childhood Intellectual Disabilities: Advancing Accuracy for Better Outcomes.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: The Associations of Prenatal Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination With Child Neurodevelopment.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2025Review
- Analysis of TORCH screening and prenatal risk assessment for childbearing-age women in different regions of China.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- A microglia-containing cerebral organoid model to study early life immune challenges.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy on the placenta and fetus.Seminars in perinatology · 2024Review
- A microglia-containing cerebral organoid model to study early life immune challenges.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Infections and inflammation during pregnancy or early life can alter child neurodevelopment and increase the risk for structural brain abnormalities and mental health disorders. There is strong evidence that TORCH infections (i.e., Treponema pallidum, Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus) alter fetal neurodevelopment across multiple developmental domains and contribute to motor and cognitive disabilities. However, the impact of a broader range of viral and bacterial infections on fetal development and disability is less well understood. We performed a literature review of human studies to identify gaps in the link between maternal infections, inflammation, and several neurodevelopmental domains. We found strong and moderate evidence respectively for a higher risk of motor and cognitive delays and disabilities in offspring exposed to a range of non-TORCH pathogens during fetal life. In contrast, there is little evidence for an increased risk of language and sensory disabilities. While guidelines for TORCH infection prevention during pregnancy are common, further consideration for prevention of non-TORCH infections during pregnancy for fetal neuroprotection may be warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.