ArticlePsychological medicine2024
Early-life participation in cognitively stimulating activities and risk of depression and anxiety in late life.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Childhood residential proximity to the radiologically contaminated Coldwater Creek and later-life cardiovascular disease in the St. Louis Baby Tooth study.The Science of the total environment · 2026Article
- Cancer Incidence and Childhood Residence Near the Coldwater Creek Radioactive Waste Site.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Evidence for causal effects of neuropsychiatric conditions on risk of venous thromboembolism: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEarly-life stressful experiences are associated with increased risk of adverse psychological outcomes in later life. However, much less is known about associations between early-life positive experiences, such as participation in cognitively stimulating activities, and late-life mental health. We investigated whether greater engagement in cognitively stimulating activities in early life is associated with lower risk of depression and anxiety in late life.
methodsWe surveyed former participants of the St. Louis Baby Tooth study, between 22 June 2021 and 25 March 2022 to collect information on participants' current depression/anxiety symptoms and their early-life activities (
resultsEach one-point increase in the early-life composite cognitive activity score was associated with an OR of 0.54 (95% CI 0.38-0.77) for late-life depression and an OR of 0.94 (95% CI 0.61-1.43) for late-life anxiety, adjusting for age, sex, race, parental education, childhood family structure, and socioeconomic status.
conclusionsMore frequent participation in cognitively stimulating activities during early life was associated with reduced risk of late-life depression.
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