ArticleCureus2023
Study of Serum Apelin and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With or Without Obesity.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Salivary Apelin and Asprosin Levels in Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus and Their Relationship with Clinical Periodontal Parameters.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Insulin resistance: mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Inflammation-Insulin Resistance Crosstalk and the Central Role of Myokines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Adipokine Hypothesis of Heart Failure With a Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Novel Framework to Explain Pathogenesis and Guide Treatment.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2025Review
- Physical Exercise as a Therapeutic Approach for Patients Living with Type 2 Diabetes: Does the Explanation Reside in Exerkines?-A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Crosstalk between perivascular adipose tissue and adipocyte-derived peptide in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Review
- New Markers for the Assessment of Microvascular Complications in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Mechanisms by which obesity regulates inflammation and anti-tumor immunity in cancer.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2024Review
- Independent relationship between sleep apnea-specific hypoxic burden and glucolipid metabolism disorder: a cross-sectional study.Respiratory research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus can cause microvascular and macrovascular complications. Obesity is a major risk factor contributing to disease progression and complications of T2DM. Apelin is an adipokine having a compensatory role in reducing insulin resistance (IR) in morbidly obese individuals. This study was undertaken to find a correlation between Apelin, IR, and obesity.
methodsThis case-control study included 180 participants, cases (n=90) having T2DM, and healthy controls (n=90). Further, the case and control groups were divided into group I (non-obese) and group II (obese) according to their body mass index (BMI) as per the Asia Pacific classification of BMI. Following obtaining consent, anthropometrical measurements and blood parameters like serum total lipid profile, fasting and postprandial glucose level, Apelin, and insulin were done, and results were analyzed statistically using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).
resultsA significantly higher Apelin level was observed in diabetes patients with obesity (265.16±11.0 pg/mL) as compared to non-obese (206.44±83.0 pg/mL). A positive correlation between serum Apelin levels and BMI was found (r=0.367, p=0.003). Homeostasis Model Assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) is increased in obese patients in comparison to the control group. A significant positive correlation between BMI and HOMA-IR (r=0.429, p=0.001) and Apelin and IR (r=0.742, p=0.000) was found in this study.
conclusionOn the basis of the finding of this study, we may conclude that Apelin has a role in improving insulin sensitivity in T2DM. Larger and multicentric studies are further required to discover the therapeutic role of Apelin in T2DM.
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