ArticleiScience2023
A descriptive study based on the comparison of ChatGPT and evidence-based neurosurgeons.
Article in iScience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Large Language Models for Chatbot Health Advice Studies: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Large language models in neurosurgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluating Generative Artificial Intelligence Models' Responses to Questions About Scaphoid Fracture and Scaphoid Nonunion.Journal of hand surgery global online · 2026Article
- Benchmarking agreement between large language models and published clinical trial conclusions across four artificial intelligence platforms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- AI and Big Data in Oncology: A Physician-Centered Perspective on Emerging Clinical and Research Applications.Cancer innovation · 2026Review
- Large Language Models for Psychiatric Diagnosis Based on Multicenter Real-World Clinical Records: Comparative Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of AI Models in Predicting Treatment Strategies for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Bridging knowledge gaps in breast cancer prevention: Insights from Ethiopia.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Comparing AI and human decision-making mechanisms in daily collaborative experiments.iScience · 2025Article
- Evaluating evidence-based health information from generative AI using a cross-sectional study with laypeople seeking screening information.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Coding: Evaluating Large Language Models for Current Procedural Terminology Accuracy in Hand Surgery.Journal of hand surgery global online · 2025Article
- Evaluating a large language model's ability to answer clinicians' requests for evidence summaries.Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA · 2025Article
- Article
- The Diagnostic Ability of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.0 in Surgery: Comparative Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Based on Medicine, The Now and Future of Large Language Models.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2024Review
- Article
- AI and Ethics: A Systematic Review of the Ethical Considerations of Large Language Model Use in Surgery Research.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Accuracy of ChatGPT in Neurolocalization.Cureus · 2024Article
- Exploring the capabilities and challenges of ChatGPT in disseminating urologic information.Translational andrology and urology · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence product developed by OpenAI. This study aims to investigate whether ChatGPT can respond in accordance with evidence-based medicine in neurosurgery. We generated 50 neurosurgical questions covering neurosurgical diseases. Each question was posed three times to GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.0. We also recruited three neurosurgeons with high, middle, and low seniority to respond to questions. The results were analyzed regarding ChatGPT's overall performance score, mean scores by the items' specialty classification, and question type. In conclusion, GPT-3.5's ability to respond in accordance with evidence-based medicine was comparable to that of neurosurgeons with low seniority, and GPT-4.0's ability was comparable to that of neurosurgeons with high seniority. Although ChatGPT is yet to be comparable to a neurosurgeon with high seniority, future upgrades could enhance its performance and abilities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.