ArticleDigestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Global Epidemiology of Cirrhosis: Changing Etiological Basis and Comparable Burden of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis between Males and Females.
Article in Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gastroduodenal Mucosal Injury in Liver Cirrhosis: A Composite Score Analysis of Site-Specific Distribution and Risk Factors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Ramadan fasting and adverse outcomes in cirrhosis: primary risk estimates with associated independent predictors.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trends of Advanced Chronic Liver Disease Among 17,711 Persons in Mongolia During Years 2015-2023.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2026Article
- Alcohol-related cirrhosis mortality, 1990-2021: temporal trends and development-level inequalities.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2026Article
- Emerging Trends in Patients Hospitalised With Cirrhosis-Aetiologies, Complications and Outcomes Compared to Other Chronic Health Conditions.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Developing risk stratification strategies and biomarkers for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Liver stiffness progression in biopsy-proven metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease among people with diabetes versus people without diabetes: A prospective multicenter study.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2025Article
- Global inequality in the burden of hepatitis B from 1990 to 2021: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2021: Letter to the editor on "Comprehensive approach to controlling chronic hepatitis B in China".Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2025Article
- Liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in the Asia-Pacific region: burden, trends, challenges and future directions.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
- Global burden of liver cirrhosis 1990-2019 and 20 years forecast: results from the global burden of disease study 2019.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- The Rising Burden of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Is the Gender Gap Narrowing?Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024Article
- Expression and predictive value of serum core fucosylated low molecular weight kininogen and alpha-galactosylated antibodies in patients with hepatic fibrosis.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2024Article
- Sex differences in pathogenesis and treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes and steatotic liver disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Navigating Masculinities: An Exploration of Peer Coaching, Health Behaviors, and Mortality Risks Among Men in Tuberculosis and HIV Interventions in South Africa.American journal of men's healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe etiology of liver diseases has changed significantly, but its impact on the comparative burden of cirrhosis between males and females is unclear. We estimated sex differences in the burden of cirrhosis across 204 countries and territories from 2010 to 2019.
methodsWe analyzed temporal trends in the burden of cirrhosis using the methodology framework of the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. We estimated annual frequencies and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of cirrhosis incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by sex, region, country, and etiology.
resultsIn 2019, the frequency of incident cases, deaths, and DALYs due to cirrhosis was 1,206,125, 969,068, and 31,781,079 in males versus 845,429, 502,944, and 14,408,336 in females, respectively. From 2010 to 2019, the frequency of cirrhosis deaths increased by 9% in males and 12% in females. Incidence ASRs remained stable in males but increased in females, while death ASRs declined in both. Death ASRs for both sexes declined in all regions, except in the Americas where they remained stable. In 2019, alcohol was the leading cause of cirrhosis deaths in males, and hepatitis C in females. Death ASRs declined for all etiologies in both sexes, except in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The ratio of female-to-male incidence ASRs in 2019 was lowest in alcohol(0.5), and highest in NASH(1.3), while the ratio of female-to-male death ASRs was lowest in alcohol(0.3) and highest in NASH(0.8).
conclusionThe global burden of cirrhosis is higher in males. However, incidence and death ASRs from NASH cirrhosis in females are comparable to that of males.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.