ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2023
Estimates of Hepatitis C Seroprevalence and Viremia in State Prison Populations in the United States.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Best practice guidelines for viral hepatitis service delivery in prisons.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- The global epidemiology of injecting drug use, HIV, viral hepatitis and tuberculosis among people who are incarcerated: a multistage systematic review.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Pooled it
- Detection of Acute Hepatitis C Outbreaks in California Using SaTScan: Statewide Spatiotemporal Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Universal Opt-Out Hepatitis C Virus Testing and Treatment on Entry in California State Prisons.JAMA internal medicine · 2026Article
- Infection Control in Carceral Facilities.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Review
- Hepatitis C Treatment by Early-Career US Family Physicians.Family medicine · 2026Article
- Necrolytic acral erythema in an incarcerated population: A case series.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
- Rationale, design, and methodology of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of peer-enhanced care coordination on linkage to HCV care among formerly incarcerated individuals.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- State-of-the-Art Review: The Intersection of Infectious Diseases and Carceral Medicine.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Review
- Early Read-Time Performance of the OraQuick HCV Rapid Antibody Assay for the Exclusion of HCV Viremia.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2025Article
- MINMON-J: a hybrid implementation pilot study evaluating a low-barrier hepatitis C treatment model in a jail setting.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Prevalence of blood-borne virus infections and uptake of hepatitis C testing and treatment in Australian prisons: the AusHep study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among incarcerated persons: Results from the Louisiana Hepatitis C Elimination Plan's opt-out testing program in prisons.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2024Article
- Learnings from the United Kingdom infected blood inquiry.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2024Article
- Advancing Hepatitis C Elimination through Opt-Out Universal Screening and Treatment in Carceral Settings, United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrior studies demonstrate that eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the United States (US) heavily depends on treating incarcerated persons. Knowing the scope of the carceral HCV epidemic by state will help guide national elimination efforts.
methodsBetween 2019 and 2023, all state prison systems received surveys requesting data on hepatitis C antibody and viremic prevalence. We supplemented survey information with publicly available HCV data to corroborate responses and fill in data gaps.
resultsWeighting HCV prevalence by state prison population size, we estimate that 15.2% of the US prison population is HCV seropositive and 8.7% is viremic; 54.9% of seropositive persons have detectable RNA. Applying prevalence estimates to the total prison population at year-end 2021, 91 090 persons with HCV infection resided in a state prison.
conclusionsWith updated and more complete HCV data from all 50 states, HCV prevalence in state prisons is nearly 9-fold higher than the US general population. The heterogeneity in HCV prevalence by state prison system may reflect variable exposure before arrest and/or differences in treatment availability during incarceration. Elimination of HCV in the country depends on addressing the carceral epidemic, and one of the first steps is understanding the size of the problem.
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