ArticleJAMA network open2023
Economic Evaluation of Extended-Release Buprenorphine for Persons With Opioid Use Disorder.
Article in JAMA network open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reduced need for inpatient care following introduction of long-acting injectable buprenorphine.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Long-Acting injectable buprenorphine PLGA microparticle formulation.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Long-acting injectables for the treatment of substance use disorder: a look ahead.Expert opinion on drug delivery · 2025Article
- A Path Forward for Extended-Release Buprenorphine-Optimizing Implementation Strategies.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Retention and dropout from sublingual and extended-release buprenorphine treatment: A comparative analysis of data from a nationally representative sample of commercially-insured people with opioid use disorder in the United States.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- Perceptions of extended-release buprenorphine among people who received medication for opioid use disorder in jail: a qualitative study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Article
- US payment policy for medications to treat opioid use disorder: landscape and opportunities.Health affairs scholar · 2024Article
- The limits of innovation: Directly addressing known challenges is necessary to improve the real-world experience of novel medications for opioid use disorder.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2023Article
- Pain Management Strategies for Patients Receiving Extended-Release Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder: A Scoping Review.Substance use : research and treatmentReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: In 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a monthly injectable form of buprenorphine, extended-release buprenorphine; published data show that extended-release buprenorphine is effective compared with no treatment, but its current cost is higher and current retention is lower than that of transmucosal buprenorphine. Preliminary research suggests that extended-release buprenorphine may be an important addition to treatment options, but the cost-effectiveness of extended-release buprenorphine compared with transmucosal buprenorphine remains unclear. Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of extended-release buprenorphine compared with transmucosal buprenorphine. Design, Setting, and Participants: This economic evaluation used a state transition model starting in 2019 to simulate the lifetime of a closed cohort of individuals with OUD presenting for evaluation for opioid agonist treatment with buprenorphine. The data sources used to estimate model parameters included cohort studies, clinical trials, and administrative data. The model relied on pharmaceutical costs from the Federal Supply Schedule and health care utilization costs from published studies. Data were analyzed from September 2021 to January 2023. Interventions: No treatment, treatment with transmucosal buprenorphine, or treatment with extended-release buprenorphine. Main Outcomes and Measures: Mean lifetime costs per person, discounted quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Results: The simulated cohort included 100 000 patients with OUD receiving (61% male; mean [SD] age, 38 [11] years) or not receiving medication treatment (58% male, mean [SD] age, 48 [18] years). Compared with no medication treatment, treatment with transmucosal buprenorphine yielded an ICER of $19 740 per QALY. Compared with treatment with transmucosal buprenorphine, treatment with extended-release buprenorphine yielded lower effectiveness by 0.03 QALYs per person at higher cost, suggesting that treatment with extended-release buprenorphine was dominated and not preferred. In probabilistic sensitivity analyses, treatment with transmucosal buprenorphine was the preferred strategy 60% of the time. Treatment with extended-release buprenorphine was cost-effective compared with treatment with transmucosal buprenorphine at a $100 000 per QALY willingness-to-pay threshold only after substantial changes in key parameters. Conclusions and Relevance: In this economic evaluation of extended-release buprenorphine compared with transmucosal buprenorphine for the treatment of OUD, extended-release buprenorphine was not associated with efficient allocation of limited resources when transmucosal buprenorphine was available. Future initiatives should aim to improve retention rates or decrease costs associated with extended-release buprenorphine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.