Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37699665›Full record

ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2023

Social determinants of ethnic disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection: UK Biobank SARS-CoV-2 Serology Study.

Wemimo Omiyale, Jo Holliday, Nicola Doherty, Howard Callen, Natasha Wood, Edward Horn, Frances Burnett, Allen Young, Sarah Lewington, Dan Fry and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Wemimo Omiyale *Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jo Holliday *Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nicola DohertyUK Biobank, Stockport, UK.
Howard CallenNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Natasha WoodNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3791-2957
Edward HornNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Frances BurnettNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Allen YoungNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sarah LewingtonNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Dan FryUK Biobank, Stockport, UK.
Jelena BeševićNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4927-1840
Megan ConroyNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3847-6202
Simon SheardUK Biobank, Stockport, UK.
Qi FengNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Samantha WelshUK Biobank, Stockport, UK.
Mark EffinghamUK Biobank, Stockport, UK.
Alan YoungNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Rory CollinsNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ben Lacey *Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ben.lacey@ndph.ox.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-0139-2934
Naomi Allen *Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe social determinants of ethnic disparities in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave of the pandemic in the UK remain unclear.

methodsIn May 2020, a total of 20 195 adults were recruited from the general population into the UK Biobank SARS-CoV-2 Serology Study. Between mid-May and mid-November 2020, participants provided monthly blood samples. At the end of the study, participants completed a questionnaire on social factors during different periods of the pandemic. Logistic regression yielded ORs for the association between ethnicity and SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibodies (indicating prior infection) using blood samples collected in July 2020, immediately after the first wave.

resultsAfter exclusions, 14 571 participants (mean age 56; 58% women) returned a blood sample in July, of whom 997 (7%) had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Seropositivity was strongly related to ethnicity: compared with those of White ethnicity, ORs (adjusted for age and sex) for Black, South Asian, Chinese, Mixed and Other ethnic groups were 2.66 (95% CI 1.94-3.60), 1.66 (1.15-2.34), 0.99 (0.42-1.99), 1.42 (1.03-1.91) and 1.79 (1.27-2.47), respectively. Additional adjustment for social factors reduced the overall likelihood ratio statistics for ethnicity by two-thirds (67%; mostly from occupational factors and UK region of residence); more precise measurement of social factors may have further reduced the association.

conclusionsThis study identifies social factors that are likely to account for much of the ethnic disparities in SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave in the UK, and highlights the particular relevance of occupation and residential region in the pathway between ethnicity and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdultBiological Specimen BanksFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSARS-CoV-2Social Determinants of HealthSocial FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesCOVID-19EPIDEMIOLOGYETHNIC GROUPS

Identifiers

PMID37699665
PMCPMC10715462

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.