ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2024
Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with NMOSD: a longitudinal retrospective analysis of a Slovak cohort of 63 patients.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are autoantibody-mediated inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system predominantly targeting optic nerves and the spinal cord. Two distinct phenotypes are recognized based on the presence of serum aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) antibodies. However, contrasting clinical course patterns have been identified between AQP4-IgG-positive and AQP4-IgG-negative patients.
aimsThis study aimed to present demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with NMOSD in Slovakia and to evaluate the significance of differences between AQP4-IgG-seropositive and AQP4-IgG-seronegative patients.
methodsWe performed a longitudinal multi-centric retrospective study and analysed the clinical and demographic characteristics of a cohort of 63 Slovak NMOSD patients.
resultsEighty-six percent of patients were women, and ninety-four patients were Caucasian. The median age at diagnosis was 37 years. The most frequent initial manifestations were optic neuritis (47.6% of patients) and transverse myelitis (39.7% of patients). The median EDSS score deteriorated from the initial 3.0 to 4.0 at the last follow-up. Sixty-eight percent of patients were AQP4-IgG positive; 10% of patients were MOG-IgG positive; 27% of patients had no NMOSD-specific antibodies detected. There was a higher prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis among AQP4-IgG-positive patients (25.6%) compared to AQP4-IgG-negative patients (0%) (p = 0.01).
conclusionThis study provides a detailed overview of the clinical and demographic characteristics of NMOSD based on a retrospective analysis of a Slovak cohort of 63 NMOSD patients and extends information provided by similar recently published studies. The most important finding is that there is a high prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis among AQP4-IgG-negative patients (25%).
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