ArticleFamily practice2024
Financial barriers to primary health care in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Article in Family practice, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Increasing Underrepresentation of Pacific Peoples in Community-Based Respiratory Surveillance in Aotearoa New Zealand, 2018-2024.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2026Article
- Expectations Shaped Elsewhere: Refugee Experiences of Healthcare in Aotearoa New Zealand.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- Pregnancy rates among users of combined oral contraceptives in Aotearoa New Zealand in 2019: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- The Political Determinants of Oral Health Inequalities: Lessons in Policy Development and Implementation From Six Case Studies.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2025Review
- The pathway to diagnosis of early-onset colorectal cancer: exploring diagnostic intervals and their effect on outcomes.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Equity, power and resources in primary health care reform: insights from Aotearoa New Zealand.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Lived experience of affordability as a barrier to prescription medicines: A longitudinal qualitative study.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2025Article
- Developing Integrated Extended Pharmacist Roles and Services for Equitable Access and Outcomes in Primary Healthcare: A Realist Evaluation.International journal of health policy and management · 2025Article
- Estimating the incidence of dementia in New Zealand: a cohort study applying capture-recapture modelling to routinely collected linked health datasets.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- Inequity in cardiometabolic hospital admissions and blood screening in New Zealand Indigenous Māori with psychosis.BJPsych open · 2024Article
- The impact of racism on subsequent healthcare use and experiences for adult New Zealanders: a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Appointments aren't Access: The Hidden Work of Getting Care.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn Aotearoa New Zealand, co-payments to see a general practitioner (GP, family doctor) or collect a prescription are payable by virtually all adults.
objectiveTo examine the extent to which these user co-payments are a barrier to accessing health care, focussing on inequities for indigenous Māori.
methodsPooled data from sequential waves (years) of the New Zealand Health Survey, 2011/12 to 2018/19 were analysed. Outcomes were self-reported cost barriers to seeing a GP or collecting a prescription in the previous year. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of barriers to care for Māori compared with non-Māori, sequentially adjusting for additional explanatory variables.
resultsPooled data included 107,231 people, 22,292 (21%) were Māori. Across all years, 22% of Māori (13% non-Māori) experienced a cost barrier to seeing a GP, and 14% of Māori (5% non-Māori) reported a cost barrier to collecting a prescription. The age- and wave-adjusted OR comparing Māori/non-Māori was 1.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.61, 1.81) for the cost barrier to primary care and 2.97 (95% CI: 2.75, 3.20) for the cost barrier to collecting prescriptions. Sociodemographics accounted for about half the inequity for both outcomes; in a fully adjusted model, age, sex, low income, and poorer underlying health were determinants of both outcomes, and deprivation was additionally associated with the cost barrier to collecting a prescription but not to seeing a GP.
conclusionsMāori experience considerable inequity in access to primary health care; evidence supports an urgent need for change to system funding to eliminate financial barriers to care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.