Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37692903›Full record

ArticleNature geoscience2023

Arctic warming by abundant fine sea salt aerosols from blowing snow.

Xianda Gong, Jiaoshi Zhang, Betty Croft, Xin Yang, Markus M Frey, Nora Bergner, Rachel Y-W Chang, Jessie M Creamean, Chongai Kuang, Randall V Martin and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature geoscience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Arctic Sea Ice Melting Controls Sea Spray Aerosol Production.Environmental science & technology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Xianda GongCenter for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7274-0639
Jiaoshi ZhangCenter for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8428-3527
Betty CroftCenter for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7009-1767
Xin YangBritish Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK.
Markus M FreyBritish Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0535-0416
Nora BergnerExtreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, Switzerland.
Rachel Y-W ChangDepartment of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada.
Jessie M CreameanDepartment of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA.
Chongai KuangEnvironmental and Climate Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY USA.
Randall V MartinCenter for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2632-8402
Ananth RanjithkumarBritish Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK.
Arthur J SedlacekEnvironmental and Climate Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9595-3653
Janek UinEnvironmental and Climate Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2001-0508
Sascha WillmesDepartment of Environmental Meteorology, Trier University, Trier, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2710-0699
Maria A ZawadowiczEnvironmental and Climate Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY USA.
Jeffrey R PierceDepartment of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4241-838X
Matthew D ShupeCooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0973-9982
Julia SchmaleExtreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Sion, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1048-7962
Jian WangCenter for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2815-4170

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Arctic warms nearly four times faster than the global average, and aerosols play an increasingly important role in Arctic climate change. In the Arctic, sea salt is a major aerosol component in terms of mass concentration during winter and spring. However, the mechanisms of sea salt aerosol production remain unclear. Sea salt aerosols are typically thought to be relatively large in size but low in number concentration, implying that their influence on cloud condensation nuclei population and cloud properties is generally minor. Here we present observational evidence of abundant sea salt aerosol production from blowing snow in the central Arctic. Blowing snow was observed more than 20% of the time from November to April. The sublimation of blowing snow generates high concentrations of fine-mode sea salt aerosol (diameter below 300 nm), enhancing cloud condensation nuclei concentrations up to tenfold above background levels. Using a global chemical transport model, we estimate that from November to April north of 70° N, sea salt aerosol produced from blowing snow accounts for about 27.6% of the total particle number, and the sea salt aerosol increases the longwave emissivity of clouds, leading to a calculated surface warming of +2.30 W m

Indexed as

Atmospheric chemistryAtmospheric scienceCryospheric scienceEnvironmental impact

Identifiers

PMID37692903
PMCPMC10482690

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.