ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2023
Repetitive paired-pulse TMS increases motor cortex excitability and visuomotor skill acquisition in young and older adults.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temporal dynamics of ipsilateral corticospinal excitability during the motor learning process of a complex manual task.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Article
- Modulation of primary motor cortex after experimentally induced and use-dependent plasticity in young and older adults.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- Neuromodulation by repetitive paired-pulse TMS at late I-wave intervals in older adults.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- Stable Enhancement of Corticospinal Excitability by the Combination of Paired Associative Stimulation and Interlimb Cortical Network.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- Investigating the Effects of Repetitive Paired-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Visuomotor Training Using TMS-EEG.Brain topography · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over primary motor cortex (M1) recruits indirect (I) waves that can be modulated by repetitive paired-pulse TMS (rppTMS). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of rppTMS on M1 excitability and visuomotor skill acquisition in young and older adults. A total of 37 healthy adults (22 young, 18-32 yr; 15 older, 60-79 yr) participated in a study that involved rppTMS at early (1.4 ms) and late (4.5 ms) interstimulus intervals (ISIs), followed by the performance of a visuomotor training task. M1 excitability was examined with motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes and short-interval intracortical facilitation (SICF) using posterior-anterior (PA) and anterior-posterior (AP) TMS current directions. We found that rppTMS increased M1 excitability in young and old adults, with the greatest effects for PA TMS at the late ISI (4.5 ms). Motor skill acquisition was improved by rppTMS at an early (1.4 ms) but not late (4.5 ms) ISI in young and older adults. An additional study using a non-I-wave interval (3.5 ms) also showed increased M1 excitability and visuomotor skill acquisition. These findings show that rppTMS at both I-wave and non-I-wave intervals can alter M1 excitability and improve visuomotor skill acquisition in young and older adults.
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Registered trials
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