Trial reportInternational urogynecology journal2023
A randomized trial comparing perioperative pelvic FLOor physical therapy to current standard of care in transgender Women undergoing vaginoplasty for gendER affirmation: the FLOWER Trial.
Trial report in International urogynecology journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation for Transgender and Nonbinary Patients Following Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty: A Scoping Review.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- The Greatest Challenges after Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty: A Qualitative Analysis.Transgender health · 2026Article
- Patient-reported Outcomes of Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty Using Post-Affirming Surgery Form and Function Individual Reporting Measure: A Retrospective Single-institution Study.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in the Transgender Patient: A Scoping Review.International urogynecology journal · 2025Article
- Experiences of Indigenous peoples living with pelvic health conditions: A scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisThere are sparse data on the use of postoperative pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) in patients undergoing vaginoplasty. The primary objective of this study was to compare the impact of PFPT on the ease of vaginal dilation after vaginoplasty in transgender women. We hypothesized that patients undergoing PFPT would report better ease of vaginal dilation following surgery.
methodsThis was a randomized trial of transgender women undergoing vaginoplasty. Patients were randomized to either no PFPT or PFPT 3 and 6 weeks following surgery. Subjects completed the Pelvic Floor Disorders Inventory and the Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire at baseline and at 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, subjects underwent vaginal length measurement and completed the Patient Global Impression of Improvement and a visual analogue scale (0-10) for ease of vaginal dilation and pain with dilation. A total of 17 subjects in each arm were needed to detect a significant difference in ease of dilation between the two groups.
resultsForty-one subjects were enrolled and 12-week data were available for 37 subjects (20 PFPT, 17 no PFPT). Mean age and BMI were 31 ± 13 years and 24.9 (± 4.0) kg/m
conclusionsIn this study, routine postoperative PFPT did not improve outcomes in patients undergoing vaginoplasty.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.