ArticleClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2024
Being Breastfed in Infancy and Risk of Colorectal Cancer and Precursor Lesions.
Article in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early-Onset Digestive System Cancers: Risk Factors and Clinicopathological and Molecular Features Across Organ Sites.Cancer science · 2026Review
- Breastfeeding in Infancy and Adult Health: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The early-onset cancer epidemics: evidence synthesis using the prospective cohort incident-tumor biobank method.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Review
- Review
- Early-onset gastrointestinal cancers: comprehensive review and future directions.The British journal of surgery · 2025Review
- Association between being breastfed in infancy and adult colorectal cancer risk among Japanese men and women.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsEmerging evidence implicates the importance of perinatal and early-life exposures in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, it remains unclear whether being breastfed in infancy is associated with CRC risk in adult life, particularly early adulthood.
methodsWe prospectively investigated the association between history of being breastfed and risk of CRC and its precursor lesions among 66,634 women 46-93 years of age from the Nurses' Health Study and 92,062 women 27-68 years of age from the Nurses' Health Study II. Cox regression and logistic regression for clustered data were used to estimate hazard ratios for CRC and odds ratios for CRC precursors, respectively.
resultsDuring 3.5 million person-years of follow-up, we identified 1490 incident cases of CRC in 2 cohorts. Having been breastfed was associated with a 23% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10% to 38%) increased risk of CRC. The risk of CRC increased with duration of being breastfed (P
conclusionsBeing breastfed in infancy was associated with increased risk of CRC in adulthood, including among younger adults. However, further research is needed to understand the underlying biological mechanisms, as this association does not establish causation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.