ArticlePloS one2023
Spatial distribution, magnitude, and predictors of high fertility status among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: Further analysis of 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatial distribution and determinants of fertility preferences among female adolescents and young adults in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2026Article
- Challenges in reducing grand multiparity rates in Ethiopia: an analysis of 2019 EDHS data using a multilevel model approach.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2025Article
- Spatial distribution and determinants of children ever born among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: spatial and multilevel analysis of 2019 mini Ethiopian demographic health survey.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Article
- Spatial distribution of effective coverage of child immunisation in Ethiopia.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Exploring the determinants of fertility rates in Ethiopia: a decomposition analysis using count regression models with a focus on urban and rural residence, based on the 2019 Ethiopian demographic health survey.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Mapping fertility rates at national, sub-national, and local levels in Ethiopia between 2000 and 2019.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
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Abstract
backgroundWomen's health and welfare, as well as the survival of their children, are adversely affected by high fertility rates in developing countries. The fertility rate in Ethiopia has been high for a long time, with some pockets still showing poor improvement. Thus, the current study is aimed to assess the spatial distribution and its predictors of high fertility status in Ethiopia.
methodsSecondary data analysis was used using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). The Bernoulli model was used by applying Kulldorff methods using the SaTScan software to analyze the purely spatial clusters of high fertility status. ArcGIS version 10.8 was used to visualize the distribution of high fertility status across the country. Mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was also used to identify the predictors of high fertility.
resultHigh fertility among reproductive-age women had spatial variation across the country. In this study, a higher proportion of fertility occurred in Somali region, Southeastern part of Oromia region, and Northeastern part of SNNPR. About 45.33% (confidence interval: (44.32, 46.33) of reproductive-age women had high fertility. Education; no formal (aOR: 13.12, 95% CI: 9.27, 18.58) and primary (aOR: 5.51, 95% CI: 3.88, 7.79), religion; Muslim (aOR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.81) and Protestant (aOR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.78), age at first birth (aOR: 2.94, 95% CI: 2.61, 3.31), age at first sex (aOR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.49, 1.93), rural resident (aOR: 3.76, 95% CI: 2.85, 4.94) were predictors of high fertility in Ethiopia.
conclusionThe spatial pattern of high fertility status in Ethiopia is clustered. Hotspot areas of a problem were located in Somali, Central Afar, Northeastern part of SNNPR, and Southeastern part of Oromia region. Therefore, designing a hotspot area-based interventional plan could help to reduce high fertility. Moreover, much is needed to be done among rural residents, reducing early sexual initiations and early age at first birth, and enhancing women's education. All the concerned bodies including the kebele administration, religious leaders, and community leaders should be in a position to ensure the practicability of the legal age of marriage.
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