ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2023
Racial Disparities in Obesity-Related Cardiovascular Mortality in the United States: Temporal Trends From 1999 to 2020.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Representation of racialised and ethnically diverse populations in multicentre randomised controlled trials of GLP-1 medicines for obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of gaps.BMJ global health · 2024Pooled it
- Cardiometabolic health of low- and higher-income adults in the United States, 2009-2023.American heart journal · 2026Article
- Obesity, Severe Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity in US Youth and Adults From 1999 to 2023.Circulation · 2026Article
- Trends and Sex-Specific Rates of Obesity and Severe Obesity in US Hospitalized Adults, 2012-2021.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Transforming Advanced Heart Failure Programs: Addressing Institutional and Systemic Drivers of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care.Circulation. Heart failure · 2026Review
- Trends in Age-Adjusted Cardiovascular Mortality Rates Among the Diabetic Population of the United States: 1999-2020, CDC WONDER Retrospective Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in controlling risk factors for cardiovascular disease among adults with obesity, 1999-2023.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use Across Preconception, Pregnancy, and the Postpartum Periods.Paediatric drugs · 2026Review
- Trends and disparities in obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease mortality in a 25-year retrospective analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Analysis of Acute Myocardial Infarction Mortality Trends in the African American Population in the United States (1999 - 2020).Cardiology research · 2025Article
- Body mass index and mortality in a nationally representative cohort of south African adults.Global epidemiology · 2025Article
- Racial and demographic disparities in glp-1ra use among breast cancer patients with Type 2 Diabetes.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Obesity as a Chronic Disease: A Narrative Review of Evolving Definitions, Management Strategies, and Cardiometabolic Prioritization.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- National trends in mortality attributable to arrhythmias among adults with obesity in the United States, 1999-2020.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Lower risk of cardiovascular events in patients initiated on semaglutide 2.4 mg in the real-world: Results from the SCORE study (Semaglutide Effects on Cardiovascular Outcomes in People with Overweight or Obesity in the Real World).Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025 · on this mapObservational
- Extracellular vesicle-encapsulated microRNA signatures of cigarette smoking and smoking-related harm.Respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Assessing the Influence of Redlining on Intergenerational Wealth and Body Mass Index Through a Quasi-experimental Framework.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Advancement of the implementation of evidence-based therapies for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic conditions: A multi-stakeholder perspective.American heart journal · 2025Review
- Concomitant mortality trends due to obesity and hypertension in the U.S.: a 20-year retrospective analysis of the CDC WONDER database.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with differential impact across populations. This descriptive epidemiologic study outlines trends and disparities in obesity-related cardiovascular mortality in the US population between 1999 and 2020. Methods and Results The Multiple Cause of Death database was used to identify adults with primary cardiovascular death and obesity recorded as a contributing cause of death. Cardiovascular deaths were grouped into ischemic heart disease, heart failure, hypertensive disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other. Absolute, crude, and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) were calculated by racial group, considering temporal trends and variation by sex, age, and residence (urban versus rural). Analysis of 281 135 obesity-related cardiovascular deaths demonstrated a 3-fold increase in AAMRs from 1999 to 2020 (2.2-6.6 per 100 000 population). Black individuals had the highest AAMRs. American Indian or Alaska Native individuals had the greatest temporal increase in AAMRs (+415%). Ischemic heart disease was the most common primary cause of death. The second most common cause of death was hypertensive disease, which was most common in the Black racial group (31%). Among Black individuals, women had higher AAMRs than men; across all other racial groups, men had a greater proportion of obesity-related cardiovascular mortality cases and higher AAMRs. Black individuals had greater AAMRs in urban compared with rural settings; the reverse was observed for all other races. Conclusions Obesity-related cardiovascular mortality is increasing with differential trends by race, sex, and place of residence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.