ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2023
Sex-specific risks for cardiovascular disease across the glycaemic spectrum: a population-based cohort study using the UK Biobank.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impaired glucose metabolism and the risk of vascular events and mortality after ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Dapagliflozin on Cardiometabolic Outcomes After Acute Myocardial Infarction According to Baseline Glycemic Status and Body Mass Index: Subanalyses of the DAPA-MI Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- Sex-Related Differences in the Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes of Moderate-to-Severe Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions · 2026Observational
- Observational
- Sex- and menopause-specific inverse associations between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations: evidence from SHIP and UK Biobank.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Atrial Fibrillation in Diabetes: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Integrated Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Excess cardiovascular risk associated with community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections: a population-based nested self-controlled case-series.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a machine learning-based model for assessing coronary artery disease risk in postmenopausal women: a dual-center retrospective study.Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Association between triglyceride-glucose index combined with a body shape index and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk varies by glycemic status: insights from the UK Biobank.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein(a) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are independent predictors of cardiovascular events.European heart journal · 2025Article
- Applying multimodal AI to physiological waveforms improves genetic prediction of cardiovascular traits.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Associations of glycemic status with dynamic disease trajectories of atrial fibrillation and dementia.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- Stress hyperglycemia ratio and machine learning model for prediction of all-cause mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Association Between Liver Fibrosis and Risk of Incident Stroke and Mortality: A Large Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- A machine learning tool for identifying newly diagnosed heart failure in individuals with known diabetes in primary care.ESC heart failure · 2025Article
- Association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in CVD patients with diabetes or pre-diabetes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evidence of a bi-directional relationship between heart failure and diabetes: a strategy for the detection of glucose abnormalities and diabetes prevention in patients with heart failure.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Review
- Age-specific differences in association of glycosylated hemoglobin levels with the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among nondiabetics: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Article
- A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis between telomere length and hyperthyroidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Casual effects of telomere length on sarcoidosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: We sought to examine sex-specific risks for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) across the full glycaemic spectrum. Methods: Using data from UK Biobank, we categorised participants' glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at baseline as low-normal (<35 mmol/mol), normal (35-41 mmol/mol), pre-diabetes (42-47 mmol/mol), undiagnosed diabetes (≥48 mmol/mol), or diagnosed diabetes. Our outcomes were coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), stroke, heart failure, and a composite outcome of any CVD. Cox regression estimated sex-specific associations between HbA1c and each outcome, sequentially adjusting for socio-demographic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics. Findings: Among 427,435 people, CVD rates were 16.9 and 9.1 events/1000 person-years for men and women, respectively. Both men and women with pre-diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and, more markedly, diagnosed diabetes were at higher risks of CVD than those with normal HbA1c, with relative increases more pronounced in women than men. Age-adjusted HRs for pre-diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes ranged from 1.30 to 1.47; HRs for diagnosed diabetes were 1.55 (1.49-1.61) in men and 2.00 (1.89-2.12) in women (p-interaction <0.0001). Excess risks attenuated and were more similar between men and women after adjusting for clinical and lifestyle factors particularly obesity and antihypertensive or statin use (fully adjusted HRs for diagnosed diabetes: 1.06 [1.02-1.11] and 1.17 [1.10-1.24], respectively). Interpretation: Excess risks in men and women were largely explained by modifiable factors, and could be ameliorated by attention to weight reduction strategies and greater use of antihypertensive and statin medications. Addressing these risk factors could reduce sex disparities in risk of CVD among people with and without diabetes. Funding: Diabetes UK (#15/0005250) and British Heart Foundation (SP/16/6/32726).
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