Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37670325›Full record

ArticleItalian journal of pediatrics2023

Decreased vitamin D levels in the pediatric population after COVID-19 lockdown.

Paolo Cavarzere, Romina Pausilli, Lara Nicolussi Prinicpe, Rossella Gaudino, Alessandra Guzzo, Gaetano Cantalupo, Franco Antoniazzi

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Italian journal of pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Orthopaedist Beware: Severe Nutritional Rickets and Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Paolo CavarzerePediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy. paolocavarzere@yahoo.it.
Romina PausilliPediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
Lara Nicolussi PrinicpePediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
Rossella GaudinoPediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
Alessandra GuzzoLaboratory Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Gaetano CantalupoInnovation Biomedicine Section, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Franco AntoniazziPediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
University of Verona · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroudSARS-Cov2 infection began to spread worldwide since December 2019; on March 2020, the World Health Organization characterized its related disease, named COVID-19, as a pandemic. In Italy, to contain the spread of infection a severe lockdown in the spring 2020 was instituted. Other less severe restrictions were imposed in the winter 2020-2021 and in the spring 2021. The containment measures caused a series of consequences for the population and, in particular, for children and adolescents that presented psychophysical problems. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate the serum levels of vitamin D in children and adolescents before, during and after the lockdown consequent to COVID-19 pandemic.

methodsThis is a retrospective cross-sectional study, including all children and adolescents between 1 to 18 years referring to the Pediatric Endocrinology Service of the University Hospital of Verona, Italy, between January 2019 and December 2021. All patients affected by clinical conditions that involve vitamin D metabolism or assuming vitamin D supplementation were excluded.

resultsIn total, 491 children (36.7% males and 63.3% females) were enrolled in this study. The vitamin D levels decreased over time: 28.3 ± 10.2 ng/mL in 2019; 28.2 ± 11.4 ng/mL in 2020 and 24.9 ± 10.1 ng/mL in 2021 (p < 0.05). The vitamin D levels are significant higher in summer and in autumn in comparison with the levels of winter and spring, regardless of the examined years.

conclusionsThe measures adopted to contain the COVID-19 pandemic led to a reduction of serum levels of vitamin D in pediatric population, probably due to the reduced solar exposure. This may have severe consequences on the bone metabolism of those children who did not present optimal vitamin D levels even before the lockdown. Therefore, an adequate supplementation of vitamin D is necessary from the end of fall to the beginning of spring (November-April) in all children and adolescents living in Northern Italy.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsAdolescentChildCommunicable Disease ControlCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesRNA, ViralSARS-CoV-2Vitamin DVitaminsRNA, ViralVitamin DVitamins

Identifiers

PMID37670325
PMCPMC10478299
OpenAlexW4386442738

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.