ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023
Nasal administration of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody ameliorates disease in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06868628 (A Phase 2a Study to Evaluate Microglial Activation, Safety, and Clinical Effects of Foralumab Nasal in Patients With Multiple System Atrophy), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 2a Study to Evaluate Microglial Activation, Safety, and Clinical Effects of Foralumab Nasal in Patients With Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Disease mechanisms and translational barriers guide nanocarrier design for nose to brain delivery in Alzheimer's disease.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Cell · 2026Review
- Intranasal Anti-CD3 Antibody Treatment Attenuates Post-COVID Neuroinflammation and Enhances Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Cognitive Function in Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Microglia-Astrocyte Cooperation and Peripheral T Cells in Alzheimer's Disease: State-of-the-Art and Treatment Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Single-cell transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization during CD4Communications biology · 2026Article
- Immune dysfunction in Alzheimer disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Melanoma cell inoculation improves cognitive impairment in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Exploring Autophagy Inducing Molecules: Targeting Diverse Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease Management.Medicinal research reviews · 2026Review
- Spilling the T: T cells in tauopathy mechanisms, disease progression, and therapeutic horizons.Molecular neurodegeneration advances · 2026Review
- Focused ultrasound-enhanced nose-to-brain delivery of a therapeutic antibody in a large-animal model.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Dampening of Microglial Activation With Nasal Foralumab Administration in Moderate Alzheimer's Disease Dementia.Clinical nuclear medicine · 2025Article
- Multifunctional natural chlorogenic acid based nanocarrier for Alzheimer's disease treatment.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Alzheimer's disease and age-related macular degeneration: Shared and distinct immune mechanisms.Immunity · 2025Review
- Distribution of Intranasally Administered rIL-10 Along the Olfactory Nerve and Perivascular Space After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Immune modulation to treat Alzheimer's disease.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Nasal anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody ameliorates traumatic brain injury, enhances microglial phagocytosis and reduces neuroinflammation via IL-10-dependent TNature neuroscience · 2025Article
- Immune mechanisms and shared immune targets in neurodegenerative diseases.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Transnasal drug delivery to the brain: circumventing barriers for brain tumor patients.American journal of translational research · 2025Review
- Myeloid gasdermin D drives early-stage T cell immunity and peripheral inflammation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of neuroinflammation, particularly that orchestrated by microglia, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Danger signals including dead neurons, dystrophic axons, phosphorylated tau, and amyloid plaques alter the functional phenotype of microglia from a homeostatic (M0) to a neurodegenerative or disease-associated phenotype, which in turn drives neuroinflammation and promotes disease. Thus, therapies that target microglia activation constitute a unique approach for treating AD. Here, we report that nasally administered anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody in the 3xTg AD mouse model reduced microglial activation and improved cognition independent of amyloid beta deposition. In addition, gene expression analysis demonstrated decreased oxidative stress, increased axogenesis and synaptic organization, and metabolic changes in the hippocampus and cortex of nasal anti-CD3 treated animals. The beneficial effect of nasal anti-CD3 was associated with the accumulation of T cells in the brain where they were in close contact with microglial cells. Taken together, our findings identify nasal anti-CD3 as a unique form of immunotherapy to treat Alzheimer's disease independent of amyloid beta targeting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.