ArticleJMIR public health and surveillance2023
Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Iranian postmenopausal females: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Relationship Between Hypovitaminosis C, Obesity, and Features of Metabolic Syndrome-A Narrative Review.Nutrition reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- LC-MS/MS Profiling of Blood Serum Reveals Disease-Enriched Peptides in Metabolic Syndrome.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Incorporating dietary information to enhance polygenic prediction models with applications to body mass index and type 2 diabetes.Genes & nutrition · 2026Article
- Development, structure, and implementation of cardiometabolic clinics in the United States, with a focus on comprehensive patient care.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Review
- Associations Between Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat and Venous Thromboembolism Among 118 619 Participants With Metabolic Syndrome: Insights From Epidemiology to Genetic Susceptibility.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Timing of food intake, chrononutritional behavior patterns, and risk of metabolic syndrome in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association between cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages and risk of all-cause mortality in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional survey based on NHANES.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Herbal compounds in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: an updated systematic review.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- Design, Implementation, and Feasibility of a Community Co-Led Culinary Medicine Shared Medical Appointment Model.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2026Article
- Exploration of Resveratrol Derivatives as Novel Therapeutic Modulators of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 1 Activity in Metabolic Dysregulation.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- The Predictive Ability and Trend of Continuous Metabolic Syndrome (cMets) Score as a Marker for the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome among Iranian Adults from 2007 to 2025 Using STEPS Studies.International journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Interplay of Lifestyle Social Determinants and Isolation in the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Among Spanish Workers.Cureus · 2026Article
- Oral microbiome diversity and mortality in metabolic syndrome: a cohort study.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Article
- Association between serum 25(OH)D, oxidative balance score, and mortality among individuals with metabolic syndrome: a cohort study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Association between metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in the Brazilian population, a cross-sectional analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The impact of metabolic syndrome on one-year patient-reported outcomes after lumbar fusion surgery.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Binational comparison of the association between socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome: A nationally representative study in South Korea and the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common metabolic disorder that results from the increasing prevalence of obesity, which has been an increasing concern in recent years. Previous evidence indicated that MetS was associated with mortality; however, different definitions of MetS were used. In 2005, the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III updated the definition of MetS, which has since been widely adopted. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a novel study among other populations and countries with a larger sample size using the updated definition of MetS and death code to examine the association of MetS with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
objectiveWe aimed to examine the associations of MetS with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
methodsA total of 36,414 adults were included in this study, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994) and the continuous NHANES (1999-2014) in the United States. Death outcomes were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records through December 31, 2015. MetS was defined by the NCEP ATP III-2005 criterion. Complex survey design factors including sample weights, clustering, and stratification were considered for all analyses with instructions for using NHANES data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for mortality from all causes, heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
resultsWe observed 8494 deaths during the 16.71 years of follow-up. Compared with those without MetS, individuals with MetS were associated with a significantly elevated multiadjusted HR of 1.24 (95% CI 1.16-1.33), 1.44 (95% CI 1.25-1.66), and 5.15 (95% CI 3.15-8.43) for all cause, heart diseases, and diabetes mellitus, respectively, whereas no significant association was found for cancer mortality (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.95-1.43).
conclusionsOur study provides additional evidence that MetS and its components are significantly associated with all-cause, heart disease, and diabetes mortality, but not with cancer mortality. Health care professionals should pay more attention to MetS and its individual component.
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