ArticleBMC oral health2023
Association between number of remaining teeth and incident depression in a rural Chilean cohort.
Article in BMC oral health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Tooth Loss on Depression and Anxiety Among Older Adults in China: The Mediating Role of Dietary Diversity.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Association of tooth loss with circadian syndrome in US adults: the mediated role of systemic inflammation.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Oral Rehabilitation and Mental Health: Effects of the Renew Procedure on Depression Scores.Cureus · 2025Article
- Link between fertility behavior and edentulous jaw in middle-aged Chinese women: a cross-sectional study from the CHARLS.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Association of periodontitis, tooth loss, and self-rated oral health with circadian syndrome in US adults: a cross-sectional population study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Relationship between the number of lost teeth and the occurrence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesPrevious studies have established an association between tooth loss and depression. However, longitudinal evidence is scarce and needs to be verified in other populations. The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between the number of remaining teeth and incident depression at 2- and 4-years follow-up in individuals enrolled in the Maule cohort (MAUCO) in Chile.
methodsThis prospective study used the information of individuals, aged 38 to 74 years, excluding those with depression at baseline. The number of remaining teeth at baseline was determined in four groups: "20 or more teeth", "10 to 19 teeth", "1 to 9 teeth" and "no natural teeth". Depression was measured through the PHQ-9. Logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios (OR) for incidence depression at both periods of follow-ups, adjusting for age, sex, educational attainment, diabetes mellitus II, and stressful events at follow-up. Also, we performed adjusted multinomial logistic models to analysis the association between the number of remaining teeth and depression severity.
resultsIn total individuals (n = 3335 at follow 1, n = 2461 at follow 2), all groups have ORs for incident depression above 1 considering 20 or more teeth as reference. In men, those with 10-19 teeth have 2.44 times higher odds of incident depression than those with 20 or more teeth (OR 2.44, CI 95% 1.33-4.50). Edentulous subjects at 4 years follow-up had 2.24 times higher odds of depression than those with more than 20 teeth (OR 2.24 CI 95%1.35-3.72). In women, the ORs (CI 95%) of incident depression were 2.56 (1.50-4.39), 1.56 (1.02-2.40) and 1.27 (0.90-1.81) for "none", "1-9", "10-19" respectively in comparison to the reference group. In edentulous individuals at baseline, the odds for each of the comparisons "mild vs no", "moderate vs no", "moderately severe vs no" and "severe vs no" were above 1, at both follow-ups.
conclusionIndividuals with less than 20 teeth in the mouth could had higher odds of incident depression at 2- and 4-years follow-up, with differences between men and women. Also, in our study, edentulism was associated with increased odds of incident depression at 4-years follow-up in women, and with higher levels of severity of depressive symptoms.
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