ArticleOphthalmology and therapy2023
Characteristics of the Ocular Surface in Myopic Child Candidates of Orthokeratology Lens Wear.
Article in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Reference Estimates of Mean Tear Film Lipid Layer Thickness Measured with LipiViewJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Long-term effects of orthokeratology on moderate myopia progression in children: A 3-year prospective study.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- The role of childhood overweight in meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye disease in Chinese children.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the role of risk factors and predictive models in acute type-a aortic dissection surgery: OI downregulation and its association with immune disorders.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Quality Control Systems in Septic AKI: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Nuclear damage-induced DNA damage response coupled with IFI16-driven ECM remodeling underlies dilated cardiomyopathy.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Identifying Water-Salt Homeostasis and Inflammatory Response in Pathological Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: NT-proBNP-related lncRNAs and miRNAs as Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Spinal Metastasis Pain Surveillance: A Comprehensive Imaging-Based Tool Design for Evaluating Metastatic Burden and Guiding Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Glycosphingolipids-Dependent Phospholipid Metabolism Enhances Cancer Initiation and Progression through SMPD1/GLTP/B3GALT4/ST8SIA6 Signaling Axis: A Novel Therapeutic Target.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Targeting reactive oxygen species to ameliorate T cell-mediated inflammation in dry eye syndrome: a novel therapeutic approach.RSC advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of objective ocular surface parameters using non-invasive objective instruments in children with myopia who are candidates for orthokeratology lens wear.
methodsChildren with myopia who are candidates for orthokeratology lens wear were retrospectively investigated. The subjects were divided into three age groups. The Keratograph 5M and LipiView interferometry were used to assess non-invasive tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT), conjunctival hyperemia redness score (RS), meibomian gland loss (MGL) score, lipid layer thickness (LLT), and blink pattern analysis, including the number of partial blinks (PB) and total blinks (TB), as well as the partial blink rate (PBR).
resultsA total of 1119 children with myopia (2070 eyes) aged 7-18 years were selected. The mean TMH, NIBUT, and LLT of the subjects was 0.21 mm, 12.45 s, and 65.28 nm, respectively. The mean RS and upper and lower MGL scores were 0.64, 1.00, and 1.06, respectively. The mean PB, TB, and PBR was 5.13, 6.46, and 0.81, respectively. Age was significantly correlated to all ocular surface parameters (p = 0.00), except for PB. NIBUT and LLT did not differ between male participants and female participants (all p > 0.05). TMH, RS, and upper and lower MGL were significantly higher in male participants than in female participants (all p < 0.01). In addition, NIBUT was positively associated with TMH (r = 0.13, p = 0.00) and LLT (r = 0.28, p = 0.00). Both upper and lower MGL were positively correlated with TMH, PB, and TB (all p = 0.00), whereas upper MGL was negatively correlated with NIBUT and LLT (all p < 0.05). TB was negatively correlated with NIBUT and LLT (all p = 0.00). PB had no relation with TMH, NIBUT, and LLT (all p > 0.05). In addition, PBR was positively correlated with NIBUT and LLT (all p = 0.00) but not with TMH, RS, or MGL (all p > 0.05). Overall, 57.00% had a TMH ≤ 0.2 mm, 43.20% had a NIBUT ≤ 10 s, 48.10% had an LLT ≤ 60 nm, and 88.10% had a PBR > 0.4.
conclusionsChild orthokeratology candidates have enhanced tear secretion and increased meibomian gland deficiency with aging. In addition, the adult dry eye diagnostic criteria may apply to orthokeratology candidates aged 12-18 years but should be lower for younger candidates. Given the proportion of abnormal risk, it is necessary to assess tear film status and blink pattern by reliable and feasible objective examination before fitting orthokeratology.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.