ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Role of toll-like receptors and nod-like receptors in acute lung infection.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virobiome-mediated regulation of microbiota-gut-brain axis signaling and neuroimmune homeostasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- A developmentally informed narrative review of Toll-like receptors in adult and pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.Annals of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- The NLRP12 Osteoimmune Checkpoint: Coordinating Inflammatory Signaling and Bone Remodeling.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxo-Guo) drives pulmonary inflammatory pathways through pattern recognition receptors.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Epithelial cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: Targets for lung repair.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- The ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 regulates epithelial pyroptosis in severe asthma.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Predictive value of lipopolysaccharide for cerebral-cardiac syndrome, stroke-associated pneumonia, and prognosis in acute ischemic stroke.Biomarker research · 2026Article
- Metabolic Checkpoints and Lymphoid Neogenesis in Lung Dendritic Cells: Mechanisms Guiding Tolerance and Chronic Lung Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Pulmonary Vascular Endothelial Cells in Lung Diseases: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Strategies, and Future Directions.Cell proliferation · 2026Review
- RNA modifications shape innate immunity and cellular adaptation during bacterial respiratory infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Integrated dual transcriptome sequencing and experimental validation reveal potential mechanisms of baicalin againstFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis of various pulmonary diseases by tuning immune response: insight from host-microbial crosstalk.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in the Gut-Lung Axis and Bronchial Asthma: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Potential.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Review
- Chlorogenic acid mitigates acute respiratory distress syndrome via inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway: an integrated analysis of bioinformatics and validation experiments.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Modulating NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Comprehensive Review on Flavonoid-Based Interventions.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Review
- Single-cell and bulk transcriptome analysis unveils a ligand-receptor-based signature for prognostication and reveals that TREM1 controls the malignant behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects of PulmonaromPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Comorbidity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Pulmonary Tuberculosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bioinformatics analysis of the in silico engineered protein vaccine with and without Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin adjuvant on the model of Klebsiella pneumoniae.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The respiratory system exposed to microorganisms continuously, and the pathogenicity of these microbes not only contingent on their virulence factors, but also the host's immunity. A multifaceted innate immune mechanism exists in the respiratory tract to cope with microbial infections and to decrease tissue damage. The key cell types of the innate immune response are macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. Both the myeloid and structural cells of the respiratory system sense invading microorganisms through binding or activation of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs). The recognition of microbes and subsequent activation of PRRs triggers a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of transcription factors, induction of cytokines/5chemokines, upregulation of cell adhesion molecules, recruitment of immune cells, and subsequent microbe clearance. Since numerous microbes resist antimicrobial agents and escape innate immune defenses, in the future, a comprehensive strategy consisting of newer vaccines and novel antimicrobials will be required to control microbial infections. This review summarizes key findings in the area of innate immune defense in response to acute microbial infections in the lung. Understanding the innate immune mechanisms is critical to design host-targeted immunotherapies to mitigate excessive inflammation while controlling microbial burden in tissues following lung infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.