SynthesisJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2023
Comparative effectiveness and safety of 36 therapies or interventions for pregnancy outcomes with recurrent implantation failure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence of pregnancy outcomes among patients with recurrent implantation failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions for recurrent embryo implantation failure: An umbrella review.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Pooled it
- Outcomes of Embryo Transfer Following Laser-assisted Hatching in Patients with Recurrent Implantation Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Modeling human embryo adhesion using a microfluidic platform.Science advances · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of acupuncture on pregnancy outcomes in patients with repeated implantation failure after IVF-ET: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Efficacy of glucocorticoids treatment in recurrent embryo implantation failure.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Hyaluronic Acid in Female Reproductive Health: Tailoring Molecular Weight to Clinical Needs in Obstetric and Gynecological Fields.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Clinical outcomes following endometrial receptivity assessment-guided personalized euploid embryo transfer in patients with previous implantation failures.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the Immunological Aspects and Treatments of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Recurrent Implantation Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
- Atosiban interacts with growth hormones as adjuvants in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the effectiveness and safety of 36 different therapies for recurrent implantation failure (RIF) patients.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) from inception to August 24, 2022, with language in both English and Chinese. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that provided data with one of pregnancy outcomes on RIF patients were included in the network meta-analysis (NMA). The odds ratios (OR) and 95% credible interval (CrI) on pregnancy outcomes were summarized by NMA with a random-effects model. We also analyzed data from only RCTs and compared whether the optimal treatment is the same for different failed embryo transfer attempts.
resultsThe total of 29,906 RIF patients from 154 clinical studies (74 RCTs and 80 non-RCTs) were included in the NMA. In terms of implantation rate (IR), growth hormone (GH) (OR: 3.32, 95% CrI: 1.95-5.67) is the best treatment in all included studies; IVIG+PBMC (5.84, 2.44-14.1) is the best for clinical pregnancy rate (CPR); hyaluronic acid (HA) (12.9, 2.37-112.0) for live birth rate (LBR); and aspirin combined with glucocorticoids (0.208, 0.0494-0.777) for miscarriage rate (MR). The two-dimensional graphs showed that GH could maximize IR and CPR simultaneously; HA and GH could simultaneously increase IR and LBR to a large extent; HA could maximize IR and minimize MR.
conclusionIVIG+PBMC, GH, and embryo medium enriched with HA could significantly improve pregnancy outcomes in patients with RIF. It appears that combination therapy is a potential administration strategy.
trial registrationThis study has been registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022353423).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.